CUPULIFER2E. (OAK FAMILY.; 445 



roundish depressed nut. (Q. discolor, Ait ) Dry woods, chiefly in the upper 

 districts. A large tree, with the outer bark dark brown, the inner thick and 

 yellow. Leaves turning light brown after frost. Nuts 6" - 8" long. 



8. Q. rubra, L. (RED OAK.) Leaves oblong, with open shallow sinuses, 

 and 8-12 entire or sharply toothed lobes, smooth on both sides, paler be- 

 neath ; fruit large, cup shallow, flat, with fine scales, enclosing the base of 

 the ovate or oblong nut. Rocky woods, Florida, and northward. A large 

 tree. Leaves turning dark red after frost. Nut 1' long. 



9. Q. Georgiana, M. A. Curtis. Shrubby ; leaves small, very smooth, 

 somewhat obovate, wedge-shaped at the base, with deep or shallow open 

 sinuses, and 3-5 triangular lanceolate entire acute or obtuse lobes ; fruit short- 

 peduncled ; cup smooth and shining, saucer-shaped, enclosing one third of the 

 oval-globose nut. Stone Mountain, Georgia (Ravenel). Shrub 6 -8 high, 

 growing in clusters. Leaves 3' -4' long. Fruit abundant. Nut \' long. 



10. Q. palustris, Du Roi. (PiN OAK.) Leaves long-petioled, oval, trun- 

 cate or abruptly acute at base, with broad and rounded sinuses, and 5-7 

 sparingly-toothed lobes, smooth on both sides ; cup shallow, with appressed 

 scales, enclosing the base of the nearly globular nut. East Tennessee ( Cat- 

 linger), and northward. A middle-sized tree. Nut \' long. 



= = Leaces tomentose. beneath. 



11. Q. falcata, Michx. (SPANISH OAK.) Leaves oblong, rounded at the 

 base, 3 -5-lobed ; the lobes entire or sparingly toothed at the apex, the ter- 

 minal one commonly narrow and elongated ; fruit rather small ; cup some- 

 what top-shaped, with coarse scales, enclosing half of the globular nut. Var. 

 PAGOD.EFOLIA, Ell., has larger leaves, with 11-13 nearly opposite and spread 

 ing lobes. Dry woods. A large tree. Leaves 4' - 5' long, entire near the 

 base. Nut \' long. 



12. Q. ilicifolia, Wang. (BEAR OAK.) Shrubby ; leaves obovate, with 

 3-5 angular or short and broad mostly entire lobes, acute at the base, white- 

 tomentose, like the branchlets, when young, at length smooth and dark green 

 above ; fruit short-peduncled ; cup shallow, saucer-shaped, with coarse scales, 

 enclosing about one third of the ovate nut. Barren soil in the upper dis- 

 tricts. A shrub 3- 4 high. Leaves 3' - 5' long. Fruit abundant. 



t- - Leaves persistent. 



13. Q. myrtifolia, Willd. Leaves rigid, ovate or obovate, acute or ob- 

 tuse, l'-2' long, entire, the margins revolute. Fruit nearly sessile, single or 

 clustered. Cup shallow, one fourth the length of the ovate or globose nut. 

 Dry sandy soil along the coast. Stem 4 -8 high, rarely taller. Leaves 

 1'- 2' long. 



* * Fruit annual. 



14. Q. pumila, Walt. (RUNNING OAK.) Branchlets slender, pubes- 

 cent ; leaves mostly deciduous, cuneate-lanceolate, slightly undulate, nearly 

 sessile, white-tomentose beneath ; fruit small, single ; cup shallow ; nut ovate. 

 Sandy pine barrens in the lower districts. Stems 2 -8 high, from long 

 creeping roots. Leaves l'-3'long. 



