522 JUNCACE^E. (RUSH FAMILY.) 



terior shorter ; capsule triangular, longer than the sepals ; seeds appendaged, 

 Wet ground ; common. August- Sept. 



Var. subcaudatus, Engelm. Stem slender, 1 - 2 high ; panicle spread- 

 ing ; heads 8 - 20-tiowered ; sepals very acute ; seeds short-appendaged. 

 Swamps, Georgia and South Carolina. 



Var. longecaudatus, Engelm. Stem stout, 2 - 3 high ; panicle erect, 

 compound, the many-flowered heads separate or clustered ; seeds long-ap- 

 pendaged at both ends. Swamps and shallow ponds, Georgia to North 

 Carolina. 



* * Leaves terete, knotted : stamens 6 (variable in No. 14) : flowers clustered. 



14. J. caudatus, Chapm. Rigid throughout ; stem stout, from a thick 

 and creeping rhizoma; leaves commonly 3, short and pungent ; panicle erect, 

 compound, mostly contracted ; clusters numerous, more or less crowded, 2-4- 

 flowered ; sepals lanceolate, acute, unequal, the inner ones half as long as the 

 oblong obtuse-angled acute capsule ; seeds with a long and tail-like appendage 

 at each end, white and shining. Pine barren swamps and bogs Sept. 

 Stem 2 high. Leaves 2' -6' long, strongly knotted. Capsules light brown, 

 turning almost black. 



15. J. asper, Engelm. Rigid, erect (2 -3 high), papillose-scabrous; 

 leaves terete ; panicle erect ; heads 2 - 6-flowered ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 

 strongly nerved, very acute, the inner ones longer, and barely shorter than 

 the beak-pointed capsule ; seeds oblong, finely ribbed. Swamps, Henderson 

 County, North Carolina (Canb;/), and northward. 



16. J. militaris, BigeL Stout (2 -4 high), 1 -leaved ; heads panic-led, 

 5- 10-flowered ; sepals lanceolate, acute, as long as the ovate, taper-beaked, l- 

 celled capsule ; stamens 6 ; seeds globose-ovate, abruptly pointed. In water, 

 Alabama (Drnmmond), and northward. Probably not within my limits. 



* * * Leaves terete, obscurely knotted: stamens 6: flowers solitary, in slender 

 l-s/'ded ci/mose panicles, mostly transformed into a tuft of rudimentary leaves. 



17. J. pelocarpus, E. Mey. Rhizoma creeping, filiform; stems slen- 

 der (6' -10' high) ; leaves filiform, tender; panicle compound, diffuse; the 

 small flowers somewhat scattered ; sepals acutish, shorter than the oblong 

 taper-pointed capsule ; seeds without appendages. Sandy margins of ponds 

 and swamps, South Carolina, and northward. July. 



Var. crassicaudex, Engelm. Rhizoma thick; stems taller (l-2); 

 panicles larger, and diffuse. Grassy margins of ponds near the coast, West 

 Florida. July - Sept. 



* * * * Leaves knotless, concave or flattened. 



18. J. marginatus, Rostk. Stems flattened (1- 2 high) ; leaves linear, 

 flat or concave ; panicle mostly simple ; heads few - many-flowered, rarely soli- 

 tary or by pairs ; flowers triandrous ; exterior sepals lanceolate or ovate-lance- 

 olate, awn-pointed ; the interior oblong, obtuse, broadly margined, about as 

 lung as the globular dark brown capsule; seeds oblong, acute at each end. 

 (J. cylindricus, Curtis , the many-flowered heads cylindrical.) Var. BIFLORUS. 

 Stems taller (2 -3 high) panicle decompound, diffuse ; heads very numer- 



