CYFERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 543 



obovate, as large as the ovate compressed 3-angletl tubercle ; bristles rigid, 

 hispid. Varies with larger spikes and pubescent bristles. Wet places, 

 chiefly along the coast, Florida, and northward. March - Sept. 2Z Culms 

 6'- 12' high. Spikes 3" -4" long (6" -8" in the var.). Nut shining. 



7. E. tortilis, Schultes. Culms unequally 3-sided, acute angled ; spikes 

 short, ovate, acute ; scales ovate-oblong, whitish, with brownish sides ; nut 

 obovate, flat on the inner face, twice as long as the conical-beaked compressed 

 acute tubercle; bristles rigid. (Scirpus simplex, Ell.) Mirv places along 

 streams, Florida to North Carolina. May -Sept. If. Culms l-l high, 

 very slender, twisted when dry. Spikes 2" -3" long, angular, few-flowered. 



8. E. prolifera, Torr. Culms filiform, diffuse or floating, compressed; 

 spikes ovate-lanceolate, acute, proliferous or rooting ; scales whitish, thin, 

 oval, obtuse ; nut obovate, compressed-3-angled ; tubercle half as long as the 

 nut, conical, 3-angled, free at the base ; bristles stout. Marshy borders of 

 ponds and streams, Florida to North Carolina. May -Sept. ^ Culms 

 10' -20' long, tough and wiry. Spikes 2" -4" long, very rarely fruiting. 



-* -*- Bristles 4 6, longer than the smooth nut. 



9. E. intermedia, Torr. Culms bristle-form, diffuse, furrowed; spikes 

 oblong-ovate, acute, 8-10-flowered ; scales ovate-lanceolate, rather acute, thin, 

 brown on the sides ; nut (yellowish) obovate, narrowed at the base, flat on the 

 inner face, backed with the subulate tubercle ; bristles 6, stout, as long as 

 the nut and tubercle. Wet places and in shallow streams, Georgia, and 

 northward. Culms 3 long. Spikes 2" - 3" long. Nut minutely striate. 



10. E. albida, Torr. Culms terete, spongy ; spikes pale, oval or oblong, 



obtuse, many-flowered ; scales rigid, oval, obtuse, white or brownish ; nut 

 broadlv obovate, whitish, flat on the inner face, smooth and shining ; tubercle 

 minute, free at the base ; bristles 6, reddish, longer than the nut. Wet sandy 

 places along the coast. May - Sept. 2/ Rhizoma filiform, creeping. Culms 

 2' - 6' high. Spikes 2" - 3" long. 



11. E. rostellata, Torr. Culms compressed, furrowed, wiry; spikes 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1 2 - 20-flowered ; scales rigid, oval, obtuse, light brown ; 

 nut obovate, flat on the inner face, tapering into the conical beaked tubercle; 

 bristles 4-6, stout, twice as long as the nut. South Carolina, aud north- 

 ward. Culms 1- 1 h high. Spikes 3"- 4" long. 



t- -i- -t- Bristles 2-6, not exceeding the nut, often icunttng. 



12. E. melanocarpa, Torr. Culms compressed, furrowed, tough and 

 wirv ; spikes ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, many-flowered ; scales thin, ovate, 

 obtuse, white on the broad margins ; style 2-3 cleft ; nut black, obconical, 3- 

 angled or biconvex, truncate at the apex, and capped with the triangular 

 minutely pointed white tubercle ; bristles 3, as long as the nut, sometimes 

 wanting. Pine barren swamps, Florida, and northward. June -Sept. 2/ 

 Culms 1 - 1-J high. Spikes 4" - 5" long, 2" thick, occasionally proliferous. 



13. E. arenicola, Torr. Rhizoma long and creeping; culms slender 

 slightly compressed, striate, tough and wiry ; spikes ovate, or at length oblong 

 or cylindrical, obtuse, many-flowered ; scales thin, oblong, obtuse, brown at 

 the summit, white on the margins; nut (yellowish) obovate, compressed-3- 



