ARROW-GRASS FAMILY 77 



3 to 5), their ovaries united around a central axis, splitting when ripe into 

 1-seeded carpels, which separate from the base upward, and leave a slender 

 persistent axis. Stigmas as many as the ovaries, plumose. Carpels dehiscing 

 by the ventral suture. World-wide distribution, 12 species. (Greek tri, three, 

 and glochis, a point, referring to the fruit of the 3-carpeled species.) 



1. T. maritima L. COMMON ARROW-GRASS. Terminal portion of the root- 

 stock covered with the sheaths of old leaves; scapes stout, 1 to 1^ feet long, 

 bearing a raceme 10 to 15 inches long, the whole surpassing the (2 to 3 lines 

 wide) leaves; flowers 1 line long, longer than the pedicels, these in fruit con- 

 spicuously decurrent ; carpels 3-angled, with the dorsal angles winged, making 

 a broad longitudinally-striate groove on the back, 2^ lines long, the stiginas 

 persistent and recurved. 



Marshy shores along the coast and saline places in the interior: San Diego 

 and Los Angeles Co., to San Francisco Bay. Great Valley and Sierra Nevada, 

 north to Alaska, east to New Jersey and Labrador. Europe, Asia. 



Var. debilis Jones. SLENDER ARROW-GRASS. Scapes very slender and racemes 

 looser than in the preceding, 7 to 13 inches high ; leaves usually less than 1 line 

 wide; flowers about Vs li ne l n g; carpels rather less than 2 lines long; fruit- 

 ing pedicels less obviously decurrent. Salt marshes. San Francisco Bay ; south 

 to Antelope Valley and San Diego, north to Honey Lake Valley, Davy, and east 

 to Nevada and Utah. 



Eefs. TEIGLOCHIX MARITIMA L. Sp. PI. 339 (1753); Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 199 (1880). Var. 

 DEBILIS Jones, Proc. Cal. Acad. 2d ser. 5: 722 (1895), type loc. alkaline flats at Johnson, Utah, 

 Jones. T. concinna, Davy, Erythea, 3: 117 (1895); 6: 4, 7 (1898); type loc. Newark, Davy, 

 no. 1116; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 103 (1901). 



2. SCHEUCHZERIA L. 



Rush-like perennials with creeping rootstocks, erect leafy zig-zag stems, and 

 small flowers in a loose terminal raceme. Leaves grass-like, flat above, semi- 

 terete below, tubular at apex, sheathing the stem at base, reduced to bracts 

 above. Flowers white, few in a lax raceme. Perianth 6-parted, persistent, its 

 segments nearly alike, the inner narrower. Stamens 6, inserted on the base of 

 the perianth-segments. Ovaries 3. nearly distinct, 1 to 3-ovuled, bearing flat 

 sessile stigmas, becoming in fruit divergent inflated coriaceous follicles de- 

 hiscent along the inside. North temperate zone. 1 species. (The brothers J. 

 and J. J. Scheuchzer, Swiss botanists, early in 18th century.) 



1. S. palustris L. Stems solitary or several. 4 to 10 inches high; leaves 4 

 t< 12 inches long; pedicels 3 to 10 lines long, spreading in fruit; perianth- 

 segments membranous, 1-nerved, li/L lines long; follicles 2 to 4 lines long. 



Bogs: Sierra Co. (ace. Bot. Cal.) to Oregon and Alaska, east to Pennsylvania 

 and Labrador. Europe. Asia. 



Refs. SCHEUCHZERIA PALUSTRIS L. Sp. PI. 338 (1753) ; Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 199 (1880) ; 

 Morong, Mem. Torr. Club, 3 2 : 9, pi. 23 (1893) ; Howell, Fl. Nw. Am. 677 (1903). 



3. LILAEA H. & B. 



Sub-aquatic annual with fibrous roots and basal cylindrical or rush-like leaves 

 sheathing at base. Flowers in spikes raised on scapes and also with solitary 

 pistillate flowers in the axils of the basal leaves. Spikes unisexual or with 

 perfect flowers in the middle, pistillate below and staminate above, all in the 

 axils of bracts except the pistillate. Staminate flowers consisting of a single 

 stamen. Perfect flowers made up of a stamen and a pistil. Pistillate flowers 

 consisting of a single pistil with short style, those in the axils of the basal 

 leaves with extraordinarily long styles. Fruits coriaceous, flattish, oblong- 

 ovato. winged, longitudinally ribbed, 1-seeded. indehiscent, those in the axils 



