GRASS FAMILY 97 



nearer the margin than the keel ; fertile lemma ovate-lanceolate, about 2 lines 

 long, rather sparsely villous, often exposing the palea, the sterile lemmas about 

 y 2 as long. 



Ravines and open ground. Coast Ranges from Mendoeino Co. to San Luis 



Obispo Co. 



Locs. Mendoeino, McMurphy 456; Sherwood, Hitchcock 2707; Ft. Bragg, Davy & Blasdale 

 6165; San Rafael, Blankinship 58; San Francisco, Bolander 1529; Los Gatos, Heller 8568; 

 Monterey, Bolander 665; Pacific Grove, Heller 6677; Nipoma, Brewer 418. 



Eefs. PHALAKIS CALIFORNICA H. & A. Bot. Beech. 161. 1841, type from San Francisco 

 or Monterey. P. amethystina [Trin. misapplied by] Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Gal. 2: 265. 1880; 

 Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 36. 1901. Dr. Stapf, who has examined the type specimen 

 of P. calif arnica at Kew, inf orms me that it is the species that has been called Phalaris amethys- 

 tina by California botanists, but which he considers distinct from that species, the type of 

 which is from Chile. I have examined the type specimen of P. amethystina in the Trinius 

 Herbarium and agree with Dr. Stapf that it does not belong to the same species as our Cali- 

 fornia plant. The glumes are shorter and scabrous. (P. amethystina Trin. Mem. Acad. 

 St. Petersb. VI. Sci. Nat. 1 : 56. 1835, the type specimen from Leona Rancagua, Chile, 

 Bert era, no. 354.) 



3. P. arundinacea L. Perennial, with creeping rhizomes; culms erect, 2 to 

 5 feet high ; panicle 3 to 7 inches long, narrow, the branches spreading during 

 anthesis, the lower as much as 2 inches long; glumes narrow, 2 lines long, 

 abruptly narrowed to an acute apex, the keel scabrous, not winged, the lateral 

 nerves about midway between margin and keel ; fertile lemma lanceolate. iy 2 

 lines long, shining, sparsely villous ; sterile lemmas villous, % line long. 



Swamps and moist places, occasional in northern and central California ; com- 

 mon throughout the northern parts of North America, Europe and Asia. A form 

 with variegated leaves is cultivated under the name of Ribbon-grass. Ager, 

 Brandegee 25 ; Warner Mts., Griffiths & Hunter 407 ; Bouldin Island, Congdon. 



Refs. PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA E. Sp. PI. 55. 1753; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 265. 

 1880; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 36. 1901. 



4. P. minor Retz. Annual; culms erect, 1 to 3 feet high; panicle ovate- 

 oblong to oblong, y 2 to 2 inches long ; glumes oblong, 2 to 3 lines long, strongly 

 winged on the keel as in P. canariensis, the green stripe less conspicuous, the 

 wing scabrous on margin and more or less toothed; fertile lemma ovate, acute, 

 villous but less so than P. canariensis, about ~Ly 2 lines long, the sterile lemma 

 solitary, about y 2 line long. 



Near the coast from Norman (Davy 4265) and Vacaville (Jepson 4248) to 

 San Bernardino (Parish 4759) and San Diego (Orcutt 523). A native of the 

 Mediterranean region, naturalized on the Pacific Coast, occasional in the Eastern 

 States. 



Refs. PHALARIS MINOR Retz. Obs. Bot. 3: 8. 1783; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 34. 

 1901; Abrams, Fl. Los Ang. 27. 1904. 



5. P. brachystachys Link. Annual ; culms 1 to 2 feet high ; panicle ovate, 

 about an inch long; glumes about 3 lines long, similar to those of P. canari- 

 ensis ; fertile lemma 2 to 2y 2 lines long, densely short-villous ; sterile lemmas 

 short, brown, ovate, equal, about % line long. 



A native of the Mediterranean region, introduced rarely in America. Nelson, 

 Butte Co., Heller 5446, the only specimen seen from California. Differs from 

 P. canariensis chiefly in the short sterile lemmas. 



Ref. PHALARIS BRACHYSTACHYS Link, Neu. Jour. Bot. (Sehrad.) I 3 : 134. 1806. 



6. P. canariensis L. CANARY-GRASS. Annual ; culms erect, 1 to 3 feet high ; 

 panicle ovate to oblong-ovate, y 2 to iy 2 inches long, pale with green markings; 



