GRASS FAMILY 99 



panicle 1^ to 3 inches long, pointed; spikelets brownish green, 4 to 5 lines 

 long ; glumes sparsely pilose ; first sterile lemma short-awned below the apex, 

 the second bearing a strong bent, scarcely exserted awn near its base. 



A native of northern Europe and Asia. Occasionally cultivated in the U. S. 

 as a meadow grass, escaped or introduced in the cooler and moister regions. 

 Crescent City, Davy & Blasdale 5954; Humboldt Bay, Chandler 1106. 



Refs. ANTHOXANTHUM ODORATUM L. Sp. PI. 28. 1753; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 266. 

 1880; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 36. 1901. 



12. HIEROCHLOE R. Br. 



Spikelets with 1 perfect and 2 staminate flowers. Glumes about as long as 

 spikelet, boat-shaped, shining. Sterile lemmas nearly as long as glumes, boat- 

 shaped, indurated, hairy, often awned, each enclosing a 2-nerved hyaline palea 

 and 3 stamens. Fertile lemma similar but smaller, enclosing a 1-nerved palea 

 and a perfect flower with 2 stamens. Fragrant perennials with flat blades and 

 terminal panicles. Species about 13, temperate and arctic regions of both 

 hemispheres. (Greek heros, sacred, and chloe, grass.) 



1. H. macrophylla Thurb. Culms few, erect, 2 to 3 feet high ; sheaths sca- 

 brous ; blades crowded toward base, flat, rather stiffly upright, scabrous above, 

 glaucous beneath, acuminate-pointed, 3 to 7 lines wide; panicle somewhat open, 

 3 to 5 inches long, the lower branches spreading or drooping, 1 to 2 inches long ; 

 glumes 2 lines long. 



Redwood belt from Monterey nortlnvard into Oregon. 



Locs. Hydesville, BlankinsJiip 22; Hnbbard Sta., Davy fy Blasdale 5400; Harris, Davy 

 4- Blasdale 5361; Duncan's Mills, Davy 1637; Marin Co., Jepson, Davy 691; San Mateo Co., 

 Butter 306, Baker 247; Wrights, Elmer 4742; Santa Cruz, Anderson; Santa Lucia Mts., 

 Plaskett 26. 



Refs. HIEROCHLOE MACROPHYLLA Thurb.; Boland. Trans. Cal. Agr. Soe. 1864-65: 132. 

 1866, "Redwoods of the Coast Range, especially in Marin County," type Bolander 6070; 

 Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 265. 1880; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 37. 1901. Savastana 

 macrophylla Beal, Grasses N. Am. 2: 187. 1896. Hierochloe borealis [Roem. & Schult, mis- 

 applied by] Torr. U. S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Paeif. 4: 154. 1857. 



TRIBE V. AGROSTIDEAE. 

 13. ARISTIDAL. 



Spikelets 1-flowered, in narrow or open panicles. Glumes narrow, acute, 

 acuminate or short-awned. Lemma with a hard obconical pubescent callus, 

 somewhat indurated, convolute, including the thin palea, terminating in a 

 usually trifid awn. Tufted annuals or perennials with narrow blades. Species 

 about 100, in the warmer regions of the world. (Latin arista, an awn.) 

 Plants annual. 



Awns about 5 lines long; panicle closely many-flowered 1. A. bromoides. 



Awns 1 to 2 inches long; panicle loosely few-flowered 2. A. oligantha. 



Plants perennial. 

 Glumes about equal. 



Neck of fruit twisted, exserted from, glumes 3. A. palmeri. 



Neck of fruit straight, not exserted from glumes. 



Branches of panicle horizontally spreading 4. A. divaricata. 



Branches of panicle ascending or appressed 5. A. parishii. 



Glumes strongly unequal, the first much shorter than the second. 



Neck of fruit jointed 6. A. calif ornica. 



Neck of fruit not jointed. 



Fruit scabrous 7. A. purpurea. 



Fruit smooth. 



Panicle many-flowered, narrow, strict 8. A. reverchoni. 



Panicle few-flowered, loose . 9. A. fendleriana. 



