GRASS FAMILY 131 



Plants annual ; culm glabrous below panicle 1. K. phleoides. 



Plants perennial; culm puberulent below panicle 2. K. cristata. 



1. K. phleoides Pers. Annual; culms 6 to 12 inches high, smooth through- 

 out; panicle close and spike-like, 1 to 3 inches long, obtuse; spikelets 1 to 2 

 lines long ; glumes smooth, acute, the first narrower ; lemmas smooth, short- 

 awned from a bifid apex. 



Introduced from Europe. Lassen Peak, Austin in 1882; Butte Co., Heller 

 5534; Lathrop, Congdon in 1896. 



Refs. KOELERIA PHLEOIDES Pers. Syn. PI. 1: 97. 1805. Festuca phleoides Vill. Fl. Delph. 

 2: 95. 1787. 



2. K. cristata Pers. Perennial; culms erect, 1 to 2 feet high, glabrous be- 

 low, puberulent below panicle; sheaths pubescent, at least the lower; blades 

 mostly basal, rather short; panicle compact, spike-like, pointed, 2 to 4 inches 

 long, often interrupted at base ; spikelets 2 to 2% lines long ; glumes and lem- 

 mas scabrous. 



Prairies and open woods, mostly in the Coast Ranges and in the southern 

 mountains; extends throughout the cooler parts of the northern hemisphere. 



Var. longifolia Vasey. Differs in being taller, and in having longer blades, 

 the basal as much as a foot long, and larger and looser panicles. Open woods 



in the Coast Ranges. 



Refs. KOELERIA CRISTATA Pers.. Syn. PI. 1 : 97. 1805 ; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Gal. 2 : 301. 

 1880; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 61. 1901; Abrams, Fl. Los Ang. 45. 1904. Aira 

 cristata L. Sp. PI. 63. 1753. Koeleria cristata Pers. var. pubescens Vasey; Davy in Jepson, 

 Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 61. 1901. Var. pinetorum Abrams, Fl. Los Ang. 46. 1904. Var. LONGIFOLIA 

 Vasey; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 61. 1901, type from Santa Cruz, Anderson, 



In a recent monograph of the genus Koeleria by Domin (Bibl. Bot. Heft. 65. 1907), the 

 California specimens are referred as follows: K. gracilis Pers., Bolander 1531, Hall 1342. 

 K. gracilis var. glabra Domin subvar. genuina Domin, San Diego, Vasey. K. gracilis var. 

 genuina subvar. superfusa Domin, Heller 6814. K. pseudocristata Domin forma densevestita 

 Domin, Hall 2206. K. pseudocristata forma laxa Domin, Heller 7443. K. polyantha Domin 

 var. calif orniensis Domin, Hall 2131. K. nitida Nutt. var. typica Domin forma glabra Domin, 

 San Diego, Orcutt in 1884, S. E. Calif. Palmer in 1876. K. nitida var. typica forma pubescens 

 Domin, Thomas Meadows, Hall in 1901. K. nitida var. calif ornica Domin, San Diego, Pringle 

 in 1882. K. nitida var. californica subvar. transiens Domin, San Diego, Brandegee in 1903, 

 Baker 3678. K. nitida var. californica subvar. multiflora Domin, San Bernardino Mts., Parish 

 Bros. 855. K. nitida var. californica subvar. vestita Domin, "Cusamacca Mts.," Palmer 

 in 1875. 



35. AVENA L. 



Spikelets 2 to 6-flowered, in open panicles. Rachilla bearded below the 

 florets. Glumes subequal, membranaceous. many-nerved, longer than the lem- 

 mas and usually exceeding the uppermost floret. Lemmas indurated except 

 toward the summit, 5 to 9-nerved, bidentate at apex, bearing a long dorsal 

 twisted awn (often straight or wanting in cultivated forms). Annuals or per- 

 ennials with large spikelets. Species about 50 in the temperate and cooler 

 regions of the world, the California species all annuals, introduced from 

 Europe. (The classical Latin name.) 

 Lemmas glabrous or nearly so. 



Spikelets usually 2-flowered; awn usually wanting, or if present weakly geniculate 



2. A. sativa. 



Spikelets usually 3-flowered; awn present, strongly geniculate 1. A. fatua var. glabrata. 



Lemmas pubescent with long, usually brown hairs. 



Teeth of lemmas acute not awned l - A - f atua - 



Teeth of lemmas awned. . 3 - A ' barbata - 



