GRASS FAMILY 169 



3945), upon which Thurber based his description, is Festuca calif arnica. Bromus depauper- 

 atus Presl is said to have been collected by Haenke at Nootka Sound on Vancouver Island. 

 The type specimen, in the Bohemian National Museum at Prague, is a species of Festuca closely 

 allied to F. elmeri Scribn. & Merr. but appears to be different from any known species from 

 the Northwestern States. There is nothing on the label accompanying the type specimen 

 to indicate its origin and the published locality may be an error. In the type specimen the 

 lemmas are firm, terete, indistinctly nerved, scabrous, long-acuminate, long-awned from be- 

 tween setaceous teeth. Presl 's description is accurate. 



20. F. parishii Hitchc. n. comb. Resembles F. californica but culms lower, 

 about l}/2 to 2 feet high ; sheaths puberulent ; blades 6 to 10 inches long, closely 

 involute, smooth below or nearly so ; panicle 4 to 5 inches long ; awn of lemma 

 iy 2 to 2 lines long. 



Only known from the San Bernardino Mts. (Parish Bros. 857, Parish 2490, 

 5036).' 



Eefs. FESTUCA PARISHII Hitehc. F. aristulata Shear subsp. parishii Piper, Contr. Nat. 

 Herb. 10: 33. 1906, type Parish 5036. 



21. F. elatior L. MEADOW FESCUE. Culms smooth, 2y 2 to 4 feet high; 

 sheaths smooth; blades flat, 2 to 4 lines wide, scabrous above; panicle erect, 

 or nodding at summit, 4 to 8 inches long, contracted after flowering, much- 

 branched or nearly simple, the branches spikelet-bearing nearly to base ; spike- 

 lets usually 6 to 8-flowered, 4 to 6 lines long; glumes l 1 /^ and 2 lines long, 

 lanceolate; lemmas oblong-lanceolate, coriaceous, 2y 2 to 3y 2 lines long, the 

 scarious apex acutish. 



Meadows and roadsides : Mt. Shasta, Lemmon 5458 ; Yreka, Butler 1636 ; Jess 

 Valley, Modoc Co., Griffiths & Hunter 409. A native of Europe, cultivated in the 

 U. S. under the name of Meadow Fescue, and escaped into fields and waste places 

 throughout the cooler portion of America. 



Kefs. FESTUCA ELATIOR L. Sp. PI. 75. 1753. F. pratensis Huds. Fl. Angl. 37. 1762. 



22. F. sutmliflora Scribn. Culms rather slender, glabrous, 2 to 3 feet high ; 

 sheaths sparsely hispidulous ; blades flat, rather soft, hirsutulous above, li/o to 

 3 lines wide ; panicle loose, open, somewhat drooping, 4 to 8 inches long, the 

 branches slender, mostly solitary, naked below the middle ; spikelets loosely 3 

 to 4-flowered; glumes subulate, glabrous, 1-nerved, l 1 /^ and 2 lines long; 

 lemmas lanceolate, scabrous -toward the apex, keeled above, 3 to 4 lines long, 

 tipped with a more or less flexuous awn 5 to 7 lines long, abruptly contracted 

 at base into a hispidulous tubular structure including the rachilla, the latter 

 apparently disarticulating half way between the florets. 



In the Coast Ranges of northern California, north to Vancouver Island. 



Locs. Crescent City, Davy # Bias dale ; Humboldt Bay, Chandler 1184; Kneeland, BlanTcin- 

 ship 7; Hubbard Sta., Davy $ Blasdale 5407. 



Eefs. FESTUCA SUBULIFLORA Scribn. in Macoun, Cat. Can. PI. 5: 396. 1890. F. denticu- 

 lata Beal, Grasses N. Am. 2 : 589. 1896 ; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 69. 1901. 



23. F. elmeri Scribn. & Merr. Culms slender, 1% to 3 feet high, glabrous ; 

 sheaths nearly smooth; blades flat, scabrous or pubescent above, 1 to 2 lines 

 wide; panicle 4 to 8 inches long, loose, open, the branches mostly in pairs, 

 smooth or nearly so, naked below; spikelets 3 or 4-flowered; glumes lance- 

 olate, glabrous, 1 and l 1 /^ to 2 lines long ; lemmas lanceolate, membranaceous, 

 minutely hispidulous, 3 lines long, cleft at the apex and bearing between the 

 short teeth a scabrous awn 1 to 4 lines long. 



Wooded hillsides, California to Oregon, mostly in the Coast Ranges. 

 Locs. Marysville Buttes, Heller 5562; Ukiah, Davy # Blasdale 5029; Lake Co., Davy 

 6648; San Francisco, Bolander 1507; Stanford University, Abrams 1646, Elmer 2101; Los 



