GRASS FAMILY 173 



obtusely angled above the middle, the apex emarginate; awns 4 to 5 lines 

 long, somewhat twisted and strongly divaricate at maturity, those of the lower 

 florets shorter than the upper; palea conspicuously shorter than the lemma. 



A weed in waste places, Washington to California and Kansas, occasional 

 in the Eastern States, introduced from Europe and the Orient. Wrights, Hitch- 

 cock in 1901; Mt. Pinos, Hall 6368. 



Refs BROMUS JAPONICUS Thunb. Fl. Jap. 52. 1784. B. patulus Mert. & Koch, Deutschl. 

 Fl. 1: 685. 1823. 



6. B. arenarius Labill. Culms 6 to 18 -inches high; sheaths and blades 

 pilose; panicle pyramidal, open, nodding, the spreading branches and slen- 

 der pedicels sinuously curved; glumes densely pilose, acute, scarious-mar- 

 gined, the first narrower, 3-nerved, 4 lines long, the second 7-nerved, 5 lines 

 long; lemmas densely pilose, 7-nerved, 5 lines long, 2-toothed at apex; awn 

 straight, 5 to 8 lines long. 



Sandy roadsides, gravelly or sterile hills ; San Bernardino Mts. to Mariposa 

 and San Mateo cos. ; introduced from Australia. 

 Eef . BROMUS ARENARIUS Labill. Nov. Holl. PI. 1 : 23. 1804. 



7. B. brizaeformis Fisch. & Mey. Culms 1 to 2 feet high; sheaths and 

 blades pilose- pubescent ; panicle 2 to 6 inches long, lax, secund, nodding; 

 spikelets oblong-ovate, laterally much compressed, 7 to 12 lines long, about 

 5 lines wide; glumes broad, obtuse, smooth or minutely scabrous, the first 3 to 

 5-nerved, about */ the length of the broader second, the second 5 to 9-nerved, 

 3 to 4 lines long; lemma 5 lines long, very broad, obtuse, smooth, with a broad 

 scarious margin, awnless or nearly so. 



Sandy fields and waste ground, occasional in the Western States, rare in the 

 Eastern States, introduced from Europe. Gazelle, Heller 8075; Mt. Shasta, 

 Palmer 2647 in 1892. 



Ref. BROMUS BRIZAEFORMIS Fisch. & Mey. Ind. Hort. Petrop. 3: 30. 1836. 



8. B. scoparius L. Culms 8 to 12 inches high ; sheaths and blades more or 

 less pilose ; panicle dense, oblong or ovate, obtuse, erect, 1 to 2 l / 2 inches long ; 

 spikelets short-pediceled. 5 to 11-fiowered, 5 to 9 lines long; glumes glabrous, 

 the first 1 to 3-nerved, 2 to 2y 2 lines long, the second 3-nerved, 2% to 3 lines 

 lon-; lemmas 5-nerved, 3!/2 to 4 lines long, usually smooth, bidentate; awn 

 somewhat divaricate, 3% to 4 lines long. 



A rare introduction from Europe. Mariposa, Congdon in 1892 ; Santa Bar- 

 bara, Somes 6. 



Ref. BROMUS SCOPARIUS L. Cent. PI. 1: G. 1755. 



9. B. madritensis L. Culms tufted, 1 to 2 feet high ; sheaths smooth or the 

 lower slightly pubescent ; blades puberulent or nearly smooth ; panicle erect, 

 2 to 4 inches long, oblong-ovoid in outline, contracted and rather dense ; glumes 

 narrow, lanceolate, acuminate, the first 1-nerved, 4% to 6 lines long, the second 

 3-nerved, 7 to 8 lines long; lemmas narrow, linear-lanceolate, 7 to 9 lines long, 

 usually glabrous or merely scabrous, somewhat curved outward when old, dis- 

 tinctly 3 or faintly 5 to 7-nerved, with 2 acute hyaline teeth, 1 to 1% lines 

 long; awn rather stout, tapering, somewhat curved, 8 to 11 lines, long. 



Open ground and waste places, California to Oregon ; introduced from 

 Europe 



Ref. BROMUS MADRITENSIS L. Cent. PI. 1 : 5. 1755. 



10. B. villosus Forsk. Culms iy 2 to 2i/ 2 feet high ; sheaths and blades 

 pilose; panicle open, rather feAv-flowered, 3 to 5 inches long, the lower 



