CYPERACEAE 189 



5. S. glabrum J. G. Smith. Culms 6 to 15 inches high ; sheaths smooth or 

 somewhat scabrous ; blades soon involute, glabrous or scabrous below, puberu- 

 lent above ; spike 1 to 2 inches long, dense ; glumes, or some of them, bifid to 

 near the base ; lemmas smooth, the awns slender, 1 to 2 inches long. 



Dry, mostly alkaline soil, Mt. Pinos north to "Washington, east to AVyoming. 



Locs. Grenada, Heller 8071; Southern Belle Mine, Mono Co., Heller 8329; Hunter's Eanch 

 Mts., Inyo Co., Hall fy Chandler 7146; Argus Mts., Purpus 5381; San Francisco, Brewer 1553; 

 Antelope Valley, Davy 2313 ; Cuyama White Hills, Eastwood; Mt. Pinos, Hall 6636. 



Eef. SITANION GLABRUM J. G. Smith, IT. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 14. 1899, 

 type from Coso Mts., Coville fy Funston 914. 



6. S. calif ornicum J. G. Smith. Culms 1 to 2 feet high ; sheaths glabrous or 

 scabrous, sometimes puberulent; blades flat or becoming involute, glabrous 

 beneath, scabrous above, sometimes puberulent; spike 2 to 3 inches long, rather 

 loose and open; glumes entire, long-awned; lemmas smooth, 4 to 5 lines long; 

 awns l l /2 to 2!/o inches long. 



Gravelly or rocky slopes and dry open woods, mostly at rather high altitudes, 

 from the southern boundary, northward through the San Jacinto and San Ber- 

 nardino mountains and the Sierra Nevada to "Washington; also in the region 



of Mt. Shasta. 



Eefs. SITANION CALIFORNICUM J. G. Smith, IT. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 13. 

 1899, type from San Bernardino Mts., Parish 3295; Abrams, Fl. Los Ang. 64. 1904. 



71. HYSTRIX Moench. 



Spikelets 2 to 4-flowered, nearly sessile, 1 to 3 together at each joint of the 

 continuous rachis, and facing it as in Elymus, widely divergent at maturity. 

 Glumes reduced to short or minute awns, the first usually obsolete, both often 

 wanting in the upper spikelets. Lemmas convex, rigid, tapering into long 

 awns Perennials, with flat blades and loosely-flowered bristly spikes. Spe- 

 cies 4, temperate regions, 2 in North America, 1 in Siberia, 1 in New Zealand. 

 (Greek hustrix, a porcupine.) 



1. H californica Kuntze. Culms stout, 3% to 6 feet high; sheaths hispid 

 or the upper smooth ; blades flat, as much as % inch wide, scabrous ; spike 

 stout, dense and somewhat nodding above, more or less interrupted below, 5 

 to 10 inches long ; spikelets mostly in pairs, 1 to 3-flowered, on short callus-like 

 pedicels; glumes wanting; lemmas 6 to 7 lines long, 5-nerved above, the 

 nerves, especially the marginal, ciliate-hispid with short stiff hairs ; awn stout, 

 straight, rough, about 10 lines long. 



Woods and shaded banks, near the coast, Marin to Santa Cruz cos. 



Locs Olema, Davy 4306, 4318; near San Francisco, Kellogg $ Harford 1107; San 

 Gregorio redwoods, Kellogg $ Brannan; Crystal Lake Springs, Elmer 4700; Santa Cruz, An- 

 derson. 



Eefs. HYSTRIX CALIFORNICA Kuntze, Bev. Gen. PI. 778. 1891. Gymnostichum californicum 

 Boland.; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 327. 1880, type from San Francisco, Bolander. As- 

 pcreUa californica Beal, Grasses N. Am. 2: 657. 1896; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 81. 

 1901. 



CYPERACEAE. SEDGE FAMILY. 



Grass-like or rush-like herbs with fibrous roots, many species perennial by 

 long rootstocks. Stems solid (rarely hollow), usually triangular or terete, com- 

 monly scape-like with mostly basal leaves. Leaves alternate, narrow, with 

 closed sheaths, often 3-ranked. Flowers one in the axil of each bract (scale), 



Jepson, Fl. Cal. vol. 1 (Gramineae by Hitchcock, pp. 161-189, Apr. 30, 1912). 



