224 CYPERACEAE 



chestnut; perigynia 4 mm. long, ovate, thick, strongly plaiio-coiivex, nerveless 

 ventrally, tapering into a beak % length of body. 



Sierra Nevada in Sierra and Eldorado cos., 6000 to 7000 ft. 



L OCS . Webber Lake, Kennedy $ Doten 70; Tallac, Dudley. 



Kef. CAREX PAUCIFRUCTUS Mackenzie, Bull. Torr. Club 43:615 (1917), type loe. Devils 

 Basin, Eldorado Co., Braincrd 200. 



Sect. 13. Canescentes Fries. Cespitose, some species with slender stolons. Culms triangular. 

 Sheaths not cross-rugulose. Spikes 1 to 10, with few to many perigynia, simple, the term- 

 inal gynaecandrous, the lateral pistillate or gynaecandrous, or rarely all androgynous. 

 Bracts inconspicuous. Perigynia piano- or bi-eonvex, white-punctieulate, lanceolate, ovoid, 

 oval or obovoid, appressed to spreading, beakless to prominently beaked, more or less 

 nerved on both sides, not winged or margined, but acute-angled above, nearly or entirely 

 filled by the lenticular achene. Stigmas 2. 



58. C. disperma Dewey. Culms very weak, 1.5 to 6 dm. high; leaf -blades 

 0.75 to 2 mm. wide, flaccid; spikes distant or upper aggregated, with 1 to 5 

 ascending perigynia and 1 or 2 staminate flowers ; scales shorter than perigynia, 

 ovate-triangular, sharp-pointed; perigynia ovoid-elliptic, 2 mm. long, finely 

 nerved, abruptly beaked, the beak smooth, 0.25 mm. long. 



Boggy spots, Sierra Nevada from Tulare Co. to Mono Co., chiefly on the 

 east side. North to Alaska, east to Newfoundland. Also northern Eurasia. 



Locs. Nw. of Whitney Mdws., Coville fy Funston 1697; Bishop Creek, Inyo Co., Davidson 

 2545; Walker Lake, Mono Co., Congdon. 



Eefs. CAREX DISPERMA Dewey, Am. Jour. Sei. 8:266 (1824), type from Mass., Dewey. 

 C. tenella Schk. Biedgr. 1:23, pi. Pp. f. 104 (1801), Schkuhr guessed the type came from 

 Saxony; Kiik. in Engler, Pflzr. 4 20 :223, fig. 36A-C (1909), not C. tenella Thuill., 1799. 



59. C. canescens L. Culms 1 to 8 dm. high; leaf-blades glaucous, flat, 2 

 to 4 mm. wide; spikes 4 to 9, 3 to 12 mm. long; scales shorter than perigynia, 

 ovate, sharp-pointed; perigynia appressed-ascending, 1.8 to 3 mm. long, faintly 

 few-nerved, minutely beaked, the beak with margins minutely serrulate. 



Swamps and bogs, higher Sierra Nevada from Tulare Co. to Placer Co., 5000 

 to 9000 ft. North to Alaska, east to Virginia. 



Locs. Mineral King, Coville $ Funston 1506; Walker Lake, Mono Co., Congdon; Glen 

 Alpine Sprs., Eldorado Co., L. M. Lathrop; Squaw Valley, Placer Co., L. S. Smith 558a, 560. 



Eefs. CAREX CANESCENS L. Sp. PI. 2:974 (1753), type European; Kiik. in Engler, Pflzr. 

 4 ao :216, fig. 35C-E (1909); Mackenzie, Erythea 8:49, fig. 22 (1922). C. lagopina W. Boott in 

 Bot. Cal. 2:233 (1880), not Wahl. 



60. C. arcta Boott. Culms 1.5 to 8 dm. high, very rough above ; leaf -blades 

 2 to 4 mm. wide; spikes 5 to 15, 5 to 10 mm. long, aggregated; scales shorter 

 than perigynia, ovate, obtusish to short-cuspidate; perigynia ascending or some- 

 what spreading, ovate, 2 to 3 mm. long, lightly nerved at base ventrally, rounded 

 at base, the beak shallowly bidentate. 



Swamps and wet woods, Humboldt Co. (Eureka, Tracy 1195, 3806). North 

 to British Columbia, east to New Brunswick. 



Eefs. CAREX ARCTA Boott, 111. Car. 4:155, pi. 497 (1867); Kiik. in Engler, Pflzr. 4 20 :228, 

 fig. 37A-B (1909). C. canescens L. var. polystachya Boott in Bichards. Arct. Exped. 2:344 

 (1852), type from British America. 



Sect. 14. Polytrichoideae Tuckerm. Densely tufted. Culms slender. Leaf-blades narrow. 

 Spike solitary, linear, androgynous, bractless. Eachis straight, not dilated. Perigynia 

 appressed, membranaeeous, the upper part empty, oblong-elliptic, many-nerved, not 2-ribbed, 

 compressed-triangular, beakless. Aehenes triangular, the sides concave. Stigmas 3, short. 



61. C. leptalea Wahl. Culms 1.5 to 6 dm. high ; leaf-blaoJes 0.5 to 1.25 mm. 

 wide; spike 4 to 15 mm. long; pistillate scales ovate, obtuse to short-pointed, 

 y 2 length of perigynia; perigynia 1 to 10, 2.5 to 4.5 mm. long, more or less 

 strongly overlapping, round or somewhat flattened in cross-section. 



Bogs and wet meadows, Humboldt Co. (Patricks Point, Tracy 4365). North 

 to Alaska, east to the Atlantic. 



Eefs. CAREX LEPTALEA Wahl. Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockholm 139 (1803) ; Kiik. in Engler, 

 Pflzr. 4*0:89, fig. 21c-g (1909). C. polytrichoides Muhl. in Willd. Sp. PI. 4:213 (1805), type 

 from Penn. 



