252 JUNCACEAE 



Eef. JUNCUS PARRYI Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2:466 (1866), 491 (1868), type loc. 

 Colorado, Parry 360. 



11. J. bufonius L. TOAD RUSH. (Fig. 40a, b.) Stems 1 to 6 (or rarely to 

 10 or 14) inches high, terete, branching from the base, leafy; leaves narrow, 

 usually revolute and bristleform ; inflorescence a dichotomous cyme ; flowers soli- 

 tary and remote to closely secund or even sub-capitate; perianth-segments l 1 /^ 

 to 2y 2 lines long, long acuminate, greenish with white scarious margins, exceeding 

 the capsule ; capsule oblong, obtuse or truncatish. 



A common species in wet places or dried up pools, throughout California. 

 Very variable in size and aspect. Widely spread over the whole earth ace. to 

 Buchenau. 



Locs. Coast Ranges: Yreka, Butler 8, 792, 874; Shasta, F. W. Morse; Mendoeino City, 

 Bolander; Ft. Bragg, W. C. Mathews; Napa Valley, Jepson; Vacaville, Jepson; Novato, Marin 

 Co., Jepson 9057; Carmel, Ferguson 292. Sierra Nevada: Jess Valley, Modoc Co., Jepson 

 7953; Jackson, Hansen 627a; Table Mt., Tuolumne Co., Jepson 6425; Yosemite, Jepson 8368. 

 Southern California: Vietorville, Parish 10572; Bear Valley, San Bernardino Mts., Parish; 

 Strawberry Valley, Mt. San Jacinto, Hall 2076; La Mesa, San Diego Co., Jepson 6691. 



Var. halophilus Fern. & Buch, Stems stout, short; inner perianth segments obtuse, little if 

 at all exceeding the capsule. Santa Cruz Isl. ace. Parish (Muhl. 6:117). 



Eefs. JUNCUS BUFONIUS L. Sp. PI. 328 (1753), type European. Var. HALOPHILUS Fern. 

 & Buch. Rhod, 6:39 (1904), type loc. Quebec. 



12. J. sphaerocarpus Nees. Very similar to J. bufonius but smaller ; stems 

 densely tufted, iy 2 to 2 inches high ; branches 2 to 4-flowered ; perianth segments 

 subequal, equaling or exceeding the perianth ; capsule elliptic or ' ' globose. ' ' 



Moist flats in the valleys or mountains. California east to Arizona and north 

 to Idaho. Rarely collected with us. 



Locs. Shackelford Creek, w. Siskiyou Co., Butler 1742; Antioch, Davy 948; Bear Valley, 

 San Bernardino Mts., Parish, 



Ref. JUNCUS SPHAEROCARPUS Nees, Flora 1:521 (1818). 



13. J- triformis Engelm. DWARF RUSH. (Fig. 40c.) Stem almost none, 

 bearing several erect filiform scape-like peduncles 2 to 4 inches high ; leaves an 

 inch or less long, filiform ; flowers usually 3 to 7 in a small head ; perianth brown- 

 ish, 1 to l!/2 lines long; segments narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, nearly equal, 

 a little exceeding the 3 stamens and the capsule ; capsule obovate, obtuse, apicu- 

 late ; style exserted with elongated stigmas. 



Mountains, 200 to 6200 feet, North Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada. Infre- 

 quent or overlooked. North to Oregon and "Washington. 



Locs. Ft. Seward, Humboldt Co., Tracy 4431; Lakeport, Lake Co., Mary K. Curran; 

 Chowehilla River bed, Congdon; North Fork Kings River, Hall $ Chandler 558. Var. stylosus 

 Engelm. (Fig. 40d.) Styles very long. DeLong's Ranch, Yosemite trail, Bolander 4864; 

 Chowehilla River, Mariposa Co., Congdon; Lake Merced, Yosemite Park, Jepson 4414. Var. 

 brachy stilus Engelm. (Fig. 40e.) Styles short. California north to Washington. Ukiah, 

 Bolander 4646; Howell Mt., Tracy 1555, 1534A. Var. uniflorus Engelm. (Fig. 40f, g.) 

 Plants very small (% to 1 inch high) ; scapes 1-flowered. Alt. 20 to 6000 feet. Campo, San 

 Diego Co., Parish 10815; Surprise Lake, Mt. San Jacinto, Seed 2481; Bear Valley, Parish 

 1859; Vacaville, Jepson 1205; Long Valley, Mendoeino Co., Bolander 4691; Buck Mt. ace. 

 Tracy. 



Refs. JUNCUS TRIFORMIS Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2:488 (1868) and 492 (1868), 

 type from California. Var. STYLOSUS Engelm. I.e. 492, type loc. Yosemite Valley, Bolander. 

 Var. BRACHYSTILUS Engelm. I.e. 493, type loc. Ukiah, Bolander; Buch. in Engler, Pflzr. 

 436:258, fig. 119 A-L (1906). Var. UNIFLORUS Engelm. I.e. 493, based on spms. by Httlebrand 

 (Sierra Nevada) and Bolander (upper Tuolumne River and Anderson Valley). J. triformis 

 var. brachystilus f. uniflorus Buch, I.e. fig. 119 M-Q. J. saginoides Engelm, I.e. 493. J. uncialis 

 Greene, Pitt. 2:105 (1890), type loc. Suisun, Greene; Buch. l.c. fig. 120 (1906). 



14. J. tenuis Willd. (Fig. 41a, b.) Stems caespitose, slender, erect, 1 to 2 

 feet high, leafy at base ; leaves very fine, shorter than the stem ; involucral bract 

 exceeding the loose panicle ; perianth segments pale, narrowly lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, 1% to 2 lines long, spreading in fruit and equaling or usually exceeding 

 the ovate retuse greenish capsule; seeds with a white appendage at each end. 



Dry valley flats, 50 to 4200 feet. Southern California north to Oregon. A 

 common species throughout the United States and western Europe. 



