LILY FAMILY 305 



versatile. Ovary sessile or nearly so. Style 1, entire or 3-parted. Capsule 

 membranous, 6-angled or winged, loculicidally 3-valved. Seeds numerous, in 2 

 rows in each cell. About 50 species, northern hemisphere. Our species bear a 

 minute tuft of glandular hairs at apex of the perianth-segments. (Latin fritillus, 

 a dice-box, on account of the shape of the flower.) 



A. Style entire (or 3-parted at the very apex in no. 3); perianth of uniform color, its 



glands obscure. 



Flowers yellow; plants 3 to 9 inches high 1. F. pudica. 



Flowers pink or pink-purple. 



Perianth % to 1 inch long; plants 10 to 30 inches high 2. F. brandegei. 



Perianth 1 to 1% inches long; plants 6 to 12 inches high 3. F. pluriflora. 



B. Style deeply 3-cleft; perianth-glands mostly obvious. 



Stem leafy only on lower half, the larger leaves mostly basril; odor often obnoxious; perianth 



evenly shaded, not mottled or checkered (except no. 6). 

 Stem 3 to 12 inches high. 



Flowers dull white 4. F. liliacea. 



Flowers not Avhite. 



Flowers dark brownish or greenish purple 5. F. biflora. 



Flowers shaded with pink, checkered purple 6. F. purdyi. 



Stems 12 to 20 inches high; flowers yellowish green 7. F. agrestis. 



Stem leafy above, the lower half or third naked. 



Perianth evenly shaded, not mottled or checkered, at least not commonly. 



Flowers more or less purplish or greenish, often lighter within; segments obovate- 



oblong 8. F. parviflora. 



Flowers green ; segments lanceolate 9. F. viridia. 



Perianth mottled or checkered. 



Flowers scarlet; style cleft % to % its length 10. F. recurva. 



Flowers brownish purple; style cleft to below the middle. 



Leaves ovate-lanceolate; perianth-segments 1 to 1% inches long 11. F. lanceolata. 



Leaves linear ; perianth-segments % to % inch long. 



Stem slender or equably developed in proportion to the leaves; capsule acutely 



angled 12. F. atropurpurea. 



Stem stout, much thickened in proportion to the leaves; capsule with horn-like 

 processes at the base and summit of each valve 13. F. pinetorutn. 



1. F. pudica Spreng. YELLOW FRITILLARY. Stem 3 to 9 inches high, 1 to 

 3-flowered ; bulb-scales very small and rounded ; leaves 3 to 8, narrowly oblanceo- 

 late, alternate, borne generally on upper half of stem ;. perianth yellow or orange, 

 often purple tinged outside, the segments oblong-obtuse to obovate-oblong, 5 1 to 

 9 lines long, the glands at base very small ; stigma very shortly 3-lobed ; capsule 

 obovoid-oblong, % inch long. 



Sierra Co. to Siskiyou Co., mostly east and north of the Sierra Nevada crest, 

 5000 to 6000 feet. North to British Columbia, east to Utah. Apr.-May. Flowers 

 turning brick-red and recurving in age. 



LOGS. Mohawk Valley, Minor; Rocky Comfort School, nw. Lassen Co., Louise Scroggy; 

 Lassen Creek, B. M. Austin; Alturas, Goldsmith 48; Ft. Bidwell, Manning; Ehett Lake, Mcm- 

 ning; Goose Valley, Shasta Co., M. S. BaJcer; Yreka, Sutler 1121; Fort Jones, Anna Conan. 



Eefs. FRITILLARIA PUDICA Spreng. Syst. 2:64 (1825); Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. 14:267 

 (1874). Lilium? pudicum Pursh, Fl. 1:228, t. 8 (1814), type loc. headwaters Missouri River, 

 Lewis. 



2. F. brandegei Eastw. Stem stout, glabrous, 10 to 30 (?) inches high, 

 about 7-flowered; leaves on upper half of stem, in 2 whorls of 5 to 9, oblong- 

 lanceolate, 3 to 4 inches long, i/o to % inch wide; flowers pinkish or purplish, 

 campanulate with obtuse base, borne on recurved rather thick pedicels ; perianth- 

 segments % to 1 inch long, oblong-lanceolate, becoming involute and spreading ; 

 glands obscure; filaments subulate; style exceeding the stamens, entire, with 

 stigma scarcely lobed ; capsule winged, truncate. 



In the Yellow Pine belt, Tule River basin, 5000 feet. Insufficiently known. 



