ORCHID FAMILY 333 



Eefs. SPIRANTHES ROMANZOFFIANA Cham. & Schlect. Linnaea 3:32 (1828), type loc. 

 Unalaska, Chamisso; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Gal. 133 (1901). Gyrostachys gemmipara Ktze. 

 Eev. Gen. PI. 2:664 (1891). G. romanzoffiana MacM. Met. Minn. 171 (1892). Orohiastrum 

 romamoffianum Greene, Man. Bay Eeg. 306 (1894). Ibidium romansoffianum House, Muhl. 

 1:129 (1906). 



2. S. porrifolia Lindl. (Fig. 60g.) Flowers creamy or yellowish white. 

 Marshy meadows or springy spots, cismontane Southern California, Coast 

 Kanges, and Sierra Nevada. North to Washington. 



Locs. Bluff Lake, San Bernardino Mts., ace. Parish (PI. World, 20:209); Santa Cruz 

 Mts., ace. Anderson (Nat. Hist. Santa Cruz Co., 43); Howell Mt., Tracy 445; Ft. Bragg, 

 W. C. Mathews; Dobbyn Creek, Humboldt Co., Tracy 4721; Mt. Shasta, ace. Ames (Orchid. 

 1:143); Sierra Valley, ace. Ames I.e.; Tallac, Jepson 8080; Amador Co., ace. Ames l.c. ; Con- 

 fidence, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 7702 ; Giant Forest, Newlon. 



Eefs. SPIRANTHES PORRIFOLIA Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 467 (1840), type loe. northwest 

 America. Gyrostachys porrifolia Ktze. Eev. Gen. PI. 2:664 (1891). Orohiastrum porrifolium 

 Greene, Man. Bay Eeg. 306 (1894). Ibidium porrifolium Eydb. Bull. Torr. Club 32:610 (1905). 



5. PERAMIUM Salisb. RATTLE-SNAKE PLANTAIN 



Scape erect, bearing a few sheathing scale-like leaves, a terminal spike, and 

 at base a cluster of petioled white-reticulated leaves. Rootstock creeping, with 

 fleshy roots. Flowers white, similar to Spiranthes. Lateral sepals free, the upper 

 one united with the petals into an erect galea. Lip sac-shaped, sessile, entire 

 and without callous thickenings at base. Anther without a lid. Species 25, 

 North America, Europe, Asia. (Greek pera, a leathern pouch, referring to 

 the lip.) 



1. P. decipiens Piper. Plants 11 to 15 inches high, glandular-pubescent, 

 especially the scapes and inflorescence ; leaves thickish, rosulate, oblong-ovate, 

 acute at both ends, reticulated with white or light-colored veins or markings, 

 114 to 21/2 inches long, on petioles l / 2 to % inch long; flowers 3 to 4 lines long; 

 spike 3 to 5 inches long. 



Coniferous woods, Sierra Nevada from Mariposa Co. north to Modoc Co., 

 thence westerly to Humboldt Co. and south along the coast to Marin Co. North 

 to British Columbia, east to Quebec. Also in Arizona. 



Locs. Pohono Bridge, Yosemite Valley, Hall; Calaveras Big Trees, A. L. Grant 570; 

 North Fork American Eiver, P. S. Kennedy 407; Brush Creek, Butte Co., Kate Conger; 

 Forestdale, Modoc Co., M. S. Baker; Shasta Springs, Jepson; Mt. Eddy, C. F. Baker 3929; 

 Hupa, Chandler 1397a ; Bald Mt., Humboldt Co., Tracy 4624 ; Humboldt Bay, Traoy 4595. 



Eefs. PERAMIUM DECIPIENS Piper, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11:208 (1906). Spiranthes 

 decipiens Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2:203, t. 204 (1839), type loc. Lake Huron. Goodyera menziesvi 

 Lindl.; Wats. Bot. Cal. 2:136 (1880); Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 133 (1901). Peramium 

 mensiesii Morong. Mem. Torr. Club 5:124 (1894). Epipactis decipiens Ames, Orch. 2:261 

 (1908). 



6. EPIPACTIS Haller 



Stem leafy from a creeping rootstock. Flowers in a raceme with foliaceous 

 bracts. Sepals and petals nearly equal, spreading; lip strongly constricted at 

 the middle, the lower portion deeply concave, the upper portion dilated. Anther 

 2-celled, sessile behind the broad truncate stigma, on a slender jointed base ; the 

 pollen-masses become attached above to the gland capping the small rounded 

 beak of the stigma. Ovaries reflexed at maturity. Species 10, north temperate 

 zone. (Greek epipegnuo, because used to curdle milk.) 



1. E. gigantea Dougl. STREAM ORCHIS. Stout, 1 to 3 (or 4) feet high, 

 nearly glabrous ; leaves ovate below, lanceolate above, acute or acuminate, 3 to 7 

 inches long ; raceme minutely pubescent ; flowers 3 to 10, on pedicels 2 lines long ; 

 sepals greenish, 7 lines long (exceeding the petals), the upper concave and some- 

 what carinate ; petals rose-color, purple-veined, particularly the lip ; lower portion 

 of lip with short erect lobes or wings and with many callous tubercles near the 

 base, the upper portion ovate-lanceolate, crested or ridged toward the base. 



