356 FAGACEAE 



northern Lower California. The leaves persist until the appearance of the 

 new leaves in the spring, whence the folk name "Evergreen White Oak." 



Kefs. QUERCUS ENGELMANNII Greene, West. Am. Oaks, p. 33, pi. 15, figs. 2, 3, pi. 17; 

 Abrams, Fl. Los Angeles, p. 105. Q. oblongifolia Engelmann in Bot. Cal. vol. 2, p. 96 in part. 



5. Q. dumosa Nutt. SCRUB OAK. Shrub, 2 to 8 feet high, with tough rigid 

 branches and branchlets; leaves typically oblong to elliptic or roundish, en- 

 tire or more commonly coarsely and irregularly spinose or sinuate-lobed with 

 sharply cut or angular sinuses, % to 1 inch long ; acorns ripe in first autumn, 

 usually borne in clusters of 2 or 3; cup shallowly or deeply saucer-shaped, 

 5 to 8 lines broad, 2 to 5 lines deep, often rusty, the scales tuberculate, some- 

 times so regularly so as to suggest a quilted cushion; nut oval, cylindric, 

 or somewhat conical, % to 1% inches long. 



Montane shrub, an important member of the chaparral communities in 

 Southern and Lower California, ranging northward through both the Coast 

 Ranges and Sierra Nevada, more or less abundant in the middle and southerly 

 parts of those ranges. Highly variable in leaf outline, texture and indenta- 

 tion of margin. Equally eccentric in shape and size of both nuts and cups. 

 Stump sprouts from fire-killed shrubs also afford remarkable and interesting 

 series in leaf variability (W.L.J. nos. 2699, 2700, 2701, coll. in San Carlos 

 Range). Type collected at Santa Barbara by Thos. Nuttall. 



Var. turbinella Jepson, n. comb. (Quercus turbinella Greene). GREY OAK. 

 Small shrub; leaves pale on both surfaces, glabrous, finely reticulated below, 

 oblong to broadly elliptic, rigid but brittle, spinosely dentate, % to 1 inch 

 long; cups gray, rather shallow, 5 to 7 lines in diameter, their scales closely 

 woven, puberulent but not at all or scarcely tuberculate; nuts slender ovate, 

 acute, 5 lines in diameter and about 1 inch long, the shell within quite glabrous. 

 Inner South Coast Range from the Rancho Cantua (S. C. Lillis) southward 

 to Frazier Mt. (R. S. Baldwin) ; Campo, San Diego Co., and neighboring 

 Lower California (type loc., G. W. Dunn). 



Var. alvordiana Jepson, n. comb. (Quercus alvordiana Eastwood). 

 BRITTLE-LEAF OAK. Leaves thickish, obscurely but seemingly densely tomen- 

 tulose beneath, entire or irregularly and coarsely serrate, oblong, 10 to 15 lines 

 long; cup 4 to 7 lines in diameter, 2 to 3 lines deep, turbinate-cupuliform, 

 small for the thickness of the nut, its scales ovate, acute, flat or only slightly 

 thickened towards the base; nut very long and narrow, 1% inches long, 

 inch in diameter at widest part, tapering gradually to apex. San Emigdio 

 Caiion, Coast Ranges of Kern Co., Miss A. Eastwood, November 2, 1894, type. 

 Diagnosis derived entirely from type specimen in the California Academy 

 of Sciences. The same thing in excellent material sent by S. C. Lillis is founc 

 in the San Carlos Range 130 miles northerly. In that district it occurs at about 

 1,400 feet altitude, is confined to a red shale, and from a point on the head- 

 waters of an easterly branch of Los Gatos Creek in section 20, township 19 

 south, range 15 east, it extends northwest along the red shale band of the 

 Cantua region for about 18 miles until this formation dips into the San 

 Carlos Range. 



Eefs. QUERCUS DUMOSA Nuttall, Sylva, vol. 1, p. 7 (1842). Q. turbinella Greene, West. Am. 

 Oaks, pp. 37 (1889), 59, t. 27 (1890). Q. alvordiana Eastwood, Cal. Acad. Sci. Occ. 

 no. 9, p. 48, pi. 27, fig. 4 (1905). 



6. Q. durata Jepson n. sp. LEATHER OAK. Low spreading shrub with rigk 

 branches, 2 to 5 feet high ; foliage and branchlets closely woolly when young, 



