BIRTHWORT FAMILY 375 



long; filaments stout, the free apex of the connective much shorter than the 

 anther; styles united, equaling the stamens. 



Deep shade of Coast Range woods, in California following rather closely the 

 Redwood Belt from the Santa Cruz Mts. northward. Extends north to British 

 Columbia. 



Locs. Coffee Creek, Salmon Mts., Hall 8532; Trinity Summit, Goddard 117; Eureka, Tracy 

 794; Sherwood Valley, Davy $ Blasdale 5168; Mendocino City, Bolander 4785; Stewart's Pt., 

 M. S. Baker; Howell Mt., Jepson; Olema, Jepson; Moraga Valley, Davy; San Leandro Creek, 

 Chandler 869; Pescadero Creek, San Mateo Co., Copeland; Santa Cruz, Eastwood. Probably 

 occurs in the Eedwoods of the Santa Lucia Mts. 



Eefs. ASAKUM CAUDATUM Lindl. Bot. Eeg. sub. t. 1399 (1831), type loc. Fort Vancouver, 

 Wash., Douglas; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 363 (1901). 



2. A. lemmoni Wats. Leaves thin, rounded at summit; flowers mostly 

 glabrous ; calyx-lobes only 4 to 6 lines long, obtuse or acute ; connective only 

 slightly produced beyond the anther. 



Northern Sierra Nevada ; Plumas and Sierra cos. 



Locs. Brush Creek, Butte Co., Kate Conger; Downieville, Eva Kennedy 20; Placer Co., 

 Hardy; Merced Grove, Hall $ Babcock 3413; Alta Mdws., Hopping 513; Fortman Mt., Mari- 

 posa Co., Congdon. 



Eefs. ASARTJM LEMMONI Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 14: 294 (1879), the type spms. from 

 Plumas Co., E. M. Austin, and Sierra Co., Lemmon. 



3. A. hartwegi Wats. Rootstock rather closely scaly; leaves 2 to 5 inches 

 broad, strikingly mottled, pubescent below, glabrous above or sometimes 

 pubescent along the lateral veins ; flowers on pedicels y 2 inch long ; calyx long, 

 hairy outside, the tube 6 to 8 lines long, the lanceolate attenuate lobes twice 

 as long; connective as long or twice as long as anther. 



Sierra Nevada, 4000 to 7000 feet; also in Trinity Co. North to the Cascade 

 Mts., Oregon. 



Locs. N. Fork Middle Tule Eiver, Hall 8354; Marble Fork Kaweah Eiver, Hopping 301; 

 Cedar Creek, Sequoia Park, Jepson 617; Merced Eiver, Hall 8850; Bower Cave, Congdon; 

 Clinton, Amador Co., Hansen; Camino, El Dorado Co., K. Brandegee; Burney Valley, Shasta 

 Co., Baker $ Nutting; Trinity Divide, Shasta Co., Blasdale; Sisson, Jepson; Shasta Sprs., 

 Heller 7989; Eussian Creek, Siskiyou Co., Butler 143; Hupa Valley, Davy 5734; New Eiver, 

 Trinity Co., Jepson 1986. 



Eef. ASABUM HARTWEGI Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 346 (1875), type loc. middle Sierra 

 Nevada. 



2. ARISTOLOCHIA L. PIPE VINE. 



Twining shrubs with sparingly branched stems and axillary pendulous flow- 

 ers. Calyx tubular, strongly curved and pipe-shaped. Anthers 6, rarely 7 or 

 8, sessile, disposed in pairs and adnate to the short simple style. Stigma 3 to 

 6-lobed or -angled. Capsule 6-angled and 6-valved, septicidally dehiscent. 

 Seeds horizontal, in one row in each cell, numerous. About 180 species, tropic 

 and temperate regions. (Greek aristos, best, locheia, parturition, from its 

 supposed efficacy in child-birth.) 



1. A. calif ornica Torr. DUTCHMAN'S PIPE. Deciduous woody climber, 

 twining 5 to 12 feet high on shrubs, the herbage more or less pubescent, some- 

 times silky; leaves ovate, cordate, iy 2 t 3 (or 5y 2 ) inches long, on petioles 

 1 or 2 inches long or less; pedicels % inch long, with a bract at the middle; 

 calyx greenish, veined with purple, 1% to 1% inches long ; inside of tube near 

 the base with a broad dull purple band; limb 2-lipped, the upper of 2 broad 

 obtuse lobes, the lower entire, all lined with a disk-like thickening which on 

 the upper side is continued downward and at the angle forms a projection 

 partially closing the tube ; ovary clavate ; stigma with 3 broad obtuse lobes ; 

 capsule broadly oblong-obovate, abruptly contracted to a slender base, 6- 

 winged, 2 to 2y 2 inches long; seeds cuneate-obovate, 3 lines long, deeply con- 

 cave on the upper side, the edges incurved, with a very prominent spongy 

 raphe in the concavity. 



