480 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 



Refs. LEWISIA REDIVIVA Pursh, Fl. 2: 368 (1814), type loc. Lou Lou fork Bitterroot River, 

 Mont., Lewis; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. t. 5395 (1863) ; Kelsey, Zoe, 3: 109 (1892) ; Jepson, Fl. W. 

 Mid. Cal. 185 (1901); Piper, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11: 246 (1906); Heller, Muhl. 5: 15 

 (1909). L. alba Kell. Proe. Cal. Acad. 2: 115, fig. 36 (1861). Var. YOSEMITANA K. Brande- 

 gee, Proc. Cal. Aead. ser. 2, 4: 89 (1894), type loc. "somewhere about Yosemite Valley, Mrs. 

 W. F. Dodd. " Peduncles jointed below the flower and crowned by 3 scarious bracts; sepals 

 2, broad, emarginate; petals 5. Ex. char. 



6. PORTULACA L. 



Fleshy herbs, ours annuals, with alternate leaves and yellow flowers. Calyx 

 2-cleft, the tube adnate to the ovary below. Petals 5 (rarely 6), inserted with 

 the stamens on the calyx. Stamens 7 to 20. Style mostly 3 to 8-parted. Cap- 

 sule globose, opening transversely, the upper part coming off like a lid. Seeds 

 many. Species about 20, mainly tropical and subtropical regions, all conti- 

 nents. (Old Latin name.) 



1. P. oleracea L. COMMON PURSLANE. Stems 4 to 8 inches long; herbage 

 glabrous ; leaves cuneate or obovate ; flowers sessile, opening only in sunshine : 

 petals notched or 2-lobed. 



Frequent in low lands throughout the state. Introduced from tropical 

 America. June-Oct. 



Locs. Yreka, Butler 1061; Hy-am-pum, Chesnut $ Drew; Kelseyville, Jepson; Berkeley, 

 Alice King; Lathrop, Harriet Walker; Porterville, ace. Hilgard; Los Angeles (Erythea, 1: 58). 



Eefs. PORTULACA OLERACEA L. Sp. PI. 445 (1753); Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 184 (1901). 



P. RETUSA Engelm. in Gray, PI. Lindh. 2: 154 (1850), type loc. western 

 Texas, Lindheimer. Ascending; leaves often retuse; petals small or minute; 

 seeds echinate. Texas to Arizona. To be expected on the California side of 

 the Colorado River. 



CARYOPHYLLACEAE. PINK FAMILY. 



Herbs of inert properties, with commonly swollen nodes, simple and entire 

 leaves always opposite, and regular perfect flowers. Calyx persistent. Corolla 

 white, red or pink. Sepals and petals 5 (or 4), the stamens as many and 

 alternate with the petals, or twice as many, rarely fewer. Ovary superior, 

 1-celled (imperfectly 3-celled in some Silenae), with 1 to 5 styles and 1 to many 

 ovules on a free central placenta. Fruit a few to many-seeded 1-celled cap- 

 sule dehiscent at the summit by short valves or teeth (these as many or twice 

 as many as the carpels), or 1-seeded and indehiscent, thus becoming an achene 

 or utricle. Embryo commonly curved around the periphery of the seed, the 

 endosperm occupying the center. Species about 1300 in 76 genera, mostly 

 temperate regions but occurring in all zones and all continents. 



Bibliog. Kohrbach, Paul, Monog. Gatt. Silene, 1-250, t. 1-2 (1868). Watson, S., Western 

 Species of Silene (Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 340-44, 1875). Holliek & Britton, Cerastium arvense 

 L. and its N. Am. Varieties (Bull. Torr. Club, 14: 45-51, pis. 63-65, 1887). Britton, N. L., 

 K Am. Species of Tissa (Bull. Torr. Club, 16: 125-129, 1889). Eobinson, B. L., The N. Am. 

 Sileneae and Polycarpeae (Proe. Am. Acad. 28: 124-155, 1893); The N. Am. Alsineae (1. c. 

 29: 273-313, 1894). Williams, F. N., On the Genus Arenaria (Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 593-603, 

 1895); Rev. of Arenaria (Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot. 33: 326-437, 1898) ; Rev. of Silene (1. c. 

 32: 1-196, 1896) ; Primary Subdivisions in the Genus Silene (Jour. Bot. 32: 10-13, 1894) ; 

 On Primary Characters in Cerastium (1. c. 36: 8-10, 1898); An Account of Velezia (1. e. 37: 

 25-34, 1899). Fernald, M. L., & Wiegand, K. M., Some Northeastern Species of Spergularia 

 (Rhod. 12: 157-163, 1910). Fernald, M. L., The Am. variations of Stellaria borealis (Rhod. 

 16: 144-151, 1914). 



A. Sepals distinct or united only at base. 

 Petals spreading, without claws or appendages, or in a few species wanting; ovary not stip- 



itate; fruit a capsule; low herbs. 



Styles 3 to 5, distinct; petals present, mostly conspicuous (for the choripetalous genera). 

 Tribe ALSINEAE. 



Stipules none. 



