516 RANUNCULACEAE 



Locs. Hockett Mdw., Tulare Co., Culbertson 4379; Eagle Lake, Mineral King, Hall 

 Babcock 5360; Big Creek, Fresno Co., Hall $ Chandler 596; Tallac, C. J. Fox, Jr.; Yosemite 

 Park, Jepson 4337 (Peregoy Mdw.), 4526 (Piute Mt.) ; Hot Spring Valley, Lassen Peak, Jep- 

 son 4080; Marble Mt., w. Siskiyou, Chandler 1571; Trinity Summit, Jepson 2056. 



Kefs. CALTHA BIFLOBA DC. Syst. 1: 310 (1818), type from the British Columbia coast near 

 Banks Isl., Menzies. C. howellii Greene, Pitt. 4: 79 (1899), mts. from Ore. to the Sierra Nevada. 

 C. rotundifolia Greene, 1. c. 80. C. leptosepala var. rotundifolia Huth. Helios. 9: 68 (1892), 

 the entire-leaved form. 



4. ISOPYRUM L. 



Low glabrous slender perennials with (in ours) a cluster of fusiform tubers 

 or thickened fibres. Leaves twice ternately compound, the leaflets 2 to 3-lobed, 

 petiolulate. Flowers commonly white, solitary, terminal or axillary. Sepals 

 5, petal-like. Petals (in ours) none. Stamens 10 to 30. Follicles 5 to 10, ob- 

 long or ovate, 2 to several-seeded. Species about 27, North America, Europe, 

 Asia. (Isopyron, the Greek name of a species of Fumaria.) 



Stamens about 23 to 27; peduncles surpassing the leaves 1. I. accident til <-. 



Stamens about 10; peduncles not surpassing the leaves 2. /. stipitatum. 



1. I. occidentale H. & A. Plant of delicate habit; stems from a cluster of 

 slender fusiform roots, branching above, 4 to 10 inches high; leaflets obovate 

 or fan-shaped, 5 to 9 lines long, glaucous beneath ; flowers commonly white, 

 rarely pink, 6 to 9 lines broad ; filaments slender ; follicles 5 to 7, sessile, 4 to 6 

 lines long ; seeds 8 or 9, wrinkled. 



Locally rare herb of shady places in the lower mountains, 300 to 2000 feet: 

 Coast Ranges; Sierra Nevada. Apr. 



Loes. Coast Eanges: Gabilan Peak, Cushman (fls. rose-red); Mt. Hamilton, Chandler; 

 Weldon Canon, Vaca Mts., Jepson. Sierra Nevada: Girard, Kern Co., Heller 7715; Kinsley, 

 Mariposa Co., Hook ; Amador Co., Hansen. 



Kefs. ISOPYRUM OCCIDENTALE H. & A. Bot. Beech. 316 (1840), type from California, 

 Douglas; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 194 (1901). Var. coloratum Greene, Erythea, 1: 125 (1893), 

 type loc. Gabilan (Fremont's) Peak, L. W. Cushman. 



2. I. stipitatum Gray. Tufted plant 1 to 3 inches high, the stems from a 

 cluster of numerous fusiform tubers ; leaves glaucous, the leaflets or divisions 

 oblong-oblanceolate or oblongish, 2 to 4 lines long; flowers whitish, 3 to 4 lines 

 broad; filaments enlarged in the middle; follicles 6 to 11, 2y 2 to 3 lines long; 

 seeds 3 or 4. 



Brushy or wooded hillslopes: North Coast Ranges, from Mendocino Co. to 

 Siskiyou, thence east to Modoc Co., 3500 to 4500 feet. 



Locs. Yreka, Butler 584; Hornbrook, Howell; Taylor Mt., Modoc Co., M. S. Baker. 



Kef. ISOPYRUM STIPITATUM Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 54 (1876), type loc. Yreka, Greene. 



5. ACTAEA L. BANEBERRY. 



Perennial herbs with bi- or tri-ternately compound ample leaves. Stems tall, 

 arising from short branching rootstocks and bearing 1 or 2 leaves. Flowers 

 small, white, in a short terminal raceme. Sepals about 4, petal-like, roundish 

 or obovate, concave, caducous. Petals 1 to 10, small, entire, or none. Stamens 

 many, with small anthers and slender white filaments, longer and more showy 

 than the petals or sepals. Pistil 1 ; ovules 10 in 2 rows ; stigma broad, sessile, 

 obscurely 2-lobed. Fruit a berry, somewhat poisonous. Species 13, northern 

 hemisphere. (Latin name of the Elder, transferred by Linnaeus to these 

 plants.) 



1. A. spicata L. var. arguta Torr. Stems one to several, iy 2 to 3 feet high, 

 arising from the scaly terminal buds of the rootstock; leaves all cauline, none 

 basal, !/o to 2 feet long, triternately divided, then trifoliolate, or the middle 

 divisions again ternate; leaflets broadly to narrowly ovate, rather deeply in- 

 cised and sharply serrate, 1 to 2 l / 2 inches long ; petioles rather short ; racemes 

 terminal, 1 inch long, or with 1 or 2 small lateral racemes in the axils of the 



