576 



FUMITORY FAMILY 



superior. Capsule 1-celled, with 2 parietal rib-like placentae from which the 

 valves separate, or indehiscent. Genera 5 and species about 225, all continents 

 except South America and Australia. 



Bibliog. Baillon, H., Fumarieae (Nat. Hist. PL 3:141-143, 1874). Gray, A., Corydalis 

 aurea and its allies (Bot. Gaz. 11:188-189, 1886). Hutchinson, J., Genera of Fumariaeeae 

 and their distribution (Kew Bull. 1921:97-115). 



Corolla 2-spurred or 2-saccate at base _ ~ 1. DICENTRA. 



Corolla 1-spurred at base _ ~ 2. CORYDALIS. 



1. DICENTRA Bernh. DUTCHMAN'S BREECHES 



Flowers in racemes or panicles, or solitary. Corolla flattened and cordate 

 at base. Filaments of each set dilated and united, but distinct at the very base 

 and slightly free above. Species 15, North America and Asia. (Greek dis, twice, 

 and kentron, a spur, some species 2-spurred.) 



Stems leafy, tall; flowers yellow, erect; corolla deciduous; petals distinct; crests of the inner 



petals tubular; seeds crestlesa 



Flowers sulphur-yellow ; outer petals spreading or recurving to the middle ; widely scattered. 



1. D. chrysantha. 

 Flowers straw-yellow or cream-color; outer petals erect or only the tips spreading; seaward 



South Coast Ranges _ 2. D. ochroleuca. 



Stems naked, scape-like, the leaves all basal; flowers more or less nodding; corolla withering- 

 persistent; sepals persistent or at least not caducous; seeds crested. 

 Flowers rose-purple; petals united; crests of inner petals tubular, conspicuous; scapes tall, 



bearing a cluster of racemes _ _ 3. D. formosa. 



Flowers whitish or flesh-color; petals distinct, the outer with narrow recurving tips; crests 

 of inner petals none or obscure; diminutive alpine herbs, the scapes 1 or 2 (or 3)- 

 flowered. 



Eecurving tips longer than the body of outer petals _ 4. D. uniflora. 



Recurving tips shorter than the body of outer petals 5. D. pauciflora. 



1. D. chrysantha Walp. GOLDEN EAR-DSCVS (Fig. 125.) Glaucous plants 

 with stiff coarse leafy stems 2 to 5 feet high, arising from stout roots; leaves 

 bipinnate, % to 1 foot long, the divisions cleft into narrow lobes ; flowers yellow, 



in a large racemose panicle; corolla 

 linear-oblong, only slightly cordate, 6 

 to 7 lines long ; sepals somewhat cadu- 

 cous; outer petals spreading or re- 

 curving to the middle, saccate below 

 the tip ; crest of inner petals rather 

 narrow, crisped or curly; capsule % 

 to 1*4 inches long. 



High dry ridges of the inner 

 ranges: Coast Ranges from Mendo- 

 cino Co. southward; Sierra Nevada 

 foothills from Calaveras Co. south- 

 ward; Ventura Co. to San Diego Co. 

 Widely distributed but not common, 

 1000 to 5350 feet. June. 



Locs. Mt. Sanhedrin, Pur pus 1136; 



Knoxville grade to Lower Lake, Jepson; 



Miller Canon, Vaca Mts., Jepson; Mt. 



Diablo, Jepson; Alma Soda Spr., Santa 



Clara Co., Heller 7506 ; Saratoga, Davy 389 ; 



Ojai Valley, Olive Thacher; Watson Spr., 

 North Fork Kaweah River, Jepson; Middle Tule River, Purpus 5038; Mt. Markham, San 

 Gabriel Mts., Peirson 56; San Bernardino, Jepson 5564; San Timoteo Canon, Jepson 6083; 

 Chalk Hill, San Jacinto Mts., Hall 2630; Palomar, Hall; Indian Gallon, Collins Valley, Jepson 

 8843. 



Refs. DICENTRA CHRYSANTHA Walp. Rep. 1:118 (1842). Dielytra chrysantha H. & A. Bot. 

 Beech. 320, t. 73 (1840), type from California, Douglas; Jepson, FL W. Mid. Cal. 210 (1901). 

 Capnorchis chrysantha Planch. FL Serres, 8:193, t. 820 (1853). Bikukulla chrysantha Cov. 

 Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 4:60 (1893). 



Fig. 125. DICENTRA CHRYSANTHA Walp. a, 

 upper portion of leaf, X % ; 6, inflorescence, 

 X % ; c, capsule, X 1 ; d, flower, X 1. 



