192 COROLLIFLOILE 



2. Erythr^ea (Centaury). Calyx 5-cleft ; corolla funnel-shaped, 

 5-cleft, not falling off ; stamens 5 ; anthers becoming spirally 

 twisted. 



3. Cicendi\ (Gentianella). Calyx 4-cleft, tubular; corolla 

 funnel-shaped, 4-cleft ; stamens 4 ; anthers not twisted ; stigma 

 undivided. (Name, according to Hooker and Arnott, from the 

 Greek, cicinnus, curled hair ; but, if so, particularly inappropriate 

 to the only British species, which is singularly rigid.) 



4. Chlora (Yellow- wort). Calyx deeply 8-cleft ; corolla with a 

 very short tube, 8-cleft ; stamens 8 ; stigma 2 to 4-cleft. (Name 

 from the Greek, chloros, yellow, from the colour of the flowers.) 



5. Menyanthes (Buck-bean). Calyx deeply 5-cleft ; corolla 

 funnel-shaped, with 5 lobes, fringed all over the inner surface ; 

 stamens 5 ; stigma 2-lobed. (Name of doubtful origin.) 



6. Villarsia. Calyx deeply 5-cleft ; corolla wheel-shaped, with 

 5 lobes, which are fringed only at the base ; stamens 5 ; stigma with 

 2 toothed lobes. (Name in honour of M. de Villars, a French 

 botanist.) 



1. Gentiana {Gentian) 



1. G. pneumonanthe (Marsh Gentian). Stem erect, 6-12 inches 

 high, few-flowered ; calyx 5-cleft ; corolla between bell and funnel- 

 shaped, 5-cleft, not fringed. Well distinguished by its large, bell- 

 shaped, deep blue flowers, with 5 green stripes. There are rarely 

 more than 1 or 2 flowers on the same stalk. Boggy heaths, princi- 

 pally in Northern England. Fl. August, September. Annual. 



2. G. vema (Spring Gentian). A very rare species. Stems 

 simple, and often extremely short, each bearing a solitary large 

 intensely blue flower which is 5-cleft, and has between the lobes 

 5 smaller 2-cleft segments. Found only in one or two places in 

 Northern England and in Ireland. Fl. April to June. Perennial. 



3. G. nivalis (Small Gentian). Taller than the last and usually 

 branched, each branch bearing a flower resembling G. vema in shape 

 and colour, but smaller. Very rare ; only found on the summits of 

 some of the Highland mountains. Fl. August, September. Annual. 



4. G. amarella (Autumnal Gentian). Stem erect, branched, 

 many-flowered ; calyx 5-cleft ; corolla salver-shaped, fringed in the 

 throat. A remarkably erect plant, with a square, leafy, purplish 

 stem, 6-12 inches high, and numerous, rather large purplish flowers, 

 which only expand in bright sunshine. Dry chalky pastures, not 

 common.: Fl. August, September. Annual. 



5. G. campestris (Field Gentian). Stem erect, branched, many- 

 flowered ; calyx 4-cleft, the two outer lobes much larger ; corolla 

 salver-shaped, 4-cleft, fringed in the throat. Resembling the last 





