10 



FORESTRY BRANCH BULLETIN NO. 33 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



PAGE. 



PLATE 1. An Area Lumbered according to Modern Silvicultural Methods FRONTISPIECE 



" 2. Well Developed Douglas Fir 12 



3. Engelmann Spruce Types, with Meadow in Foreground... 12 



" 4. Pure Lodgepole Pine Type 13 



" 5. Logged-over Area, showing Spruce and Pine -Seed-trees 20 



" 6. Lumbered Area, showing Skidding Trail Debris left in Dangerous Condition 



in Case of Fire 21 



7. Effect of Fire in Dense Stand 24 



" 8. Mixed Stands of Second-growth Aspen and Lodgepole Pine Resulting from 



Repeated Fires 26 



" 9. Witch's Broom on Lodgepole Pine 29 



" 10. Limber Pine 35 



11. Whitebark Pine (dwarfed by exposure to winds and frost) 40 



" 12. Balsam Poplar 42 



" 13. Second-growth Aspen 42 



14. Brush Piled Properly for Burning (Deerlodge National Forest, Montana, 



U.S.A.) '. 48 



" 15. Clearcut Strip after Brush-burning (Deerlodge National Forest) 48 



" 16. Seed-trees left in Blocks 53 



" 17. Clearcut Strip. (Deerlodge National Forest) 53 



" 18. Clearcut Strips. (Deerlodge National Forest) 55 



" 19. Selection Cutting in a Lodgepole Pine Stand. (Deerlodge National Forest). 55 



LIST OF TABLES. 



PAGE. 



TABLE 1. Comparison of Sites (pure stands) 15 



" 2. Comparison of Types 15 



" 3. Comparison of Types 15 



4. Table of Normality 18 



5. Stimulated Growth of Spruce 23 



" 6. Stimulated Growth of Spruce and Pine 23 



" 7. Spruce Reproduction after Fire 32 



" 8. Spruce Reproduction after Fire 32 



" 9. Spruce Reproduction and Volunteer Growth on Logged-over Areas 32 



" 10. Spruce Reproduction 33 



" 11. Pine Reproduction 37 



" 12. Volume Table for Engelmann Spruce 57 



" 13. Volume Table for Lodgepole Pine 58 



" 14. Diameter-growth of Engelmann Spruce, Lodgepole Pine and Douglas Fir 59 



" 15. Height-growth of Engelmann Spruce, Lodgepole Pine and Douglas Fir 60 



" 16. Seedling Height-growth for Engelmann Spruce, Lodgepole Pine and Douglas 



Fir 61 



" 17. Normal Yield Table for Engelmann Spruce and Lodgepole Pine 62 



