54 



Native Trees of Canada 



JUGLANS NIGRA, Linn. BLACK WALNUT 



Common names: Black walnut, walnut, American walnut. 

 French name: Noyer noir (d'Amerique). 



The black walnut is a large tree 50 to 90 ft. in height and 2 to 5 ft. in diameter. 

 Growing in the open it has an immense, rounded crown ; the lower branches some- 

 times drooping almost to the ground. In the dense forest, however, it produces a 

 tall, columnar trunk with a small, narrow, rigid head. 



It requires deep, rich, well-drained loam and is found growing singly or mixed 

 with other hardwoods. It occurs naturally in Canada only in southern Ontario, 

 bordering lakes Ontario, Erie, and St. Clair and is now very scarce. Where pro- 

 tected from cold winds it has been grown considerably north of its natural limits. 

 It is very tolerant of shade and a fairly fast grower. 



The bark is roughened by rounded ridges which intersect each other like those 

 of the white ash. The bark is much darker in colour than that of the butternut, a tree 



BLACK WALNUT 

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which might be mistaken for it. Young trees of the walnut and butternut are 

 readily distinguished by their twigs and winter buds. 



The leaves are compound, fifteen to twenty-three leaflets on a stem 1 to 2 ft. 

 in length, thin, and bright yellowish-green in colour. The black walnut and the 

 butternut are about the last trees of the Canadian woods to open their leaves in 

 the spring. 



