110 JUNCACEAE (RUSH FAMILY) 



Stems diffusely branched, leafy 17. J. bufonius. 



Panicles apparently sessile and lateral; stems naked, scapose. 

 Flowers few, in panicles simple or nearly so. 



Stems leafless 18. J, subtriflorua. 



Stems somewhat leafy. 



Perianth-segments white-margined; capsule retuse . 19. J. Hallii. 

 Perianth-segments green; capsule pointed . . .20. J. Parryi. 

 Flowers many, in more or less compound panicles. 



Perianth-segments with a brown stripe either side of the 



midrib . . . . . . . * . 21. J. balticus. 



Perianth pale green throughout . . . . 22. J. filiformis. 



1. Juncus ensifolius Wiks. Kong. Vet. Akad. Hand. 2: 274. 1823. Stems 

 2-5 dm. high, leafy, from thick rootstocks: leaves equitant: heads several to 

 numerous, panicled, globose, usually dark brown: perianth-segments lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, 3 mm. long: stamens 3: capsule 3-angled, acute, hardly ex- 

 ceeding the perianth. Wet banks; Colorado to Oregon. 



2. Juncus saximontanus A. Nels. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 29: 401. 1902. 

 Stems from a creeping rhizome, erect, 3-5 dm. high, 2-edged: leaves com- 

 pressed and equitant, 1-3 mm. wide, mostly auricled at base: heads panicled, 

 few to several, brown, 3-10-fl owered : flowers 2-3 mm. long, few to many in 

 each head; the inner segments shorter and mostly acute; the outer ones equal- 

 ing the long-mucronate capsule: stamens 6. seeds more or less reticulated. 

 J. xiphioides montanus. Very common near stream banks throughout our 

 range. 



3. Juncus Mertensianus Bong. Veg. Sitcha in Mem. Acad. St. Peter. VI. 

 2: 167. 1833. Stem from a thick creeping rootstock, caespitose, 2-4 dm. high, 

 compressed, weak: leaves compressed, usually 1-2 mm. wide, sheath auricled: 

 flowers 15-25, dark brown, pediceled, single, rarely 2-3 in rather loose head, 

 8-12 mm. broad: sepals ovate-lanceolate, the outer acuminate-subulate, the 

 inner obtuse and mucronate or rarely acute and equaling the outer ones, ex- 

 ceeding the 6 stamens, equaling the broadly-obovate, obtuse, mucronate 

 capsule: anthers oblong or oblong-linear, usually mucronate, equaling the fila- 

 ment or shorter: style mostly shorter than the obtuse ovary: seeds ob lanceolate, 

 obovate, fusiform, short-tailed at each end, reticulate-costate. Wet places in* 

 the mountains. 



4. Juncus Richardsonianus R. & S. Syst. 7: 201. 1829. Stems leafy, 2-5 

 dm. high: leaves knotted by internal cross-partitions, terete or slightly com- 

 pressed: panicle terminal, erect, elongated, greenish or light brown: heads 

 few-flowered: sepals obtuse: stamens 6: capsules light brown, obtuse, mu- 

 cronate, 3-cellea: seeds spindle-shaped. From Colorado northward, also 

 eastward to New York. 



5. Juncus nodosus L. Sp. PL Ed. 2. 466. 1762. Stems erect, 1-5 dm. 

 high, slender from a creeping thread-like and tuber-bearing rootstock, mostly 

 with 2 or 3 slender leaves: heads few to several, rarely single, 8-20-flowered, 

 6-8 mm. wide, overtopped by the involucral leaf: flowers brown, 3-4 mm. 

 long: sepals lance-linear, awl-pointed (the 3 outer mostly a little shorter), 

 nearly as long as the slender triangular taper-pointed 1-celled capsule : anthers 

 oblong, shorter than the filaments: style very short: seeds obovate, abruptly 

 mucronate. From our range to New England. 



6. Juncus Torreyi Coville, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 22: 303. 1895. Plant 

 4-10 dm. high, not caespitose: rootstock slender, tuberiform-thickened at 

 intervals of a few centimeters, each tuber supporting a single stem: stem 

 terete or slightly compressed, stout, 1-4-leaved: blades stout, terete, in most 

 cases abruptly divergent from the stem: inflorescence usually congested, 

 a few centimeters in length and consisting of 1-6 heads, occasionally only 

 10 cm. long and bearing 15-20 heads, exceeded by the invokicml leaf: heads 

 10-15 mm. in diameter: perianth 4-5 mm. long, its parts subulate, the outer 

 longer than the inner: stamens about one half as long as the perianth: capsule 

 subulate, 1-celled, its beak barely exceeding the perianth and holding the 

 valves together throughout dehiscence: seed oblong, acute at both ends, 

 reticulated. J. nodosus megacephalus. Throughout our range. 



7. Juncus nevadensis Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 14: 303. 1879. Scape very 



