146 SANTALACEAE (SANDALWOOD FAMILY) 



5-flowered: staminate flowers 1-2 mm. wide, with round-ovate acutish lobes, 

 axillary, forming simple or compound spikes: accessory branchlets of fruiting 

 plant flower-bearing: berries 5 mm. long. On Pseudotsuga mucronata. Idaho 

 to California and New Mexico. 



5. Arceuthobium cyanocarpum A. Nels. ex. Rydb. Fl. Col. 101. 1906. 

 Stems simple or branched from the base; the staminate branchlets somewhat 

 paniculate above, sharply four-angled when dry, 2-3 cm. long, greenish-yellow; 

 the pistillate olive-green: scales suborbicular, appressed, obtuse or subacute, 

 about 1.5 mm. broad: staminate flowers axillary and one-terminal, densely clus- 

 tered, from a few to 20 or more; calyx segments usually 3, fleshy, slightly cari- 

 nate; pistillate similarly disposed but more open in fruit: berry obovate, its 

 somewhat truncate summit toothed with the brown, wrinkled calyx-lobes, 

 blue-green. On Pinus flexilis. Wyoming and Colorado. 



2. PHORADENDRON Nutt. MISTLETOE 



Yellowish-green dioecious parasites on the branches of trees, with joint 

 much-branched stems, thick and firm persistent leaves (or only scales in thei] 

 place), short catkin-like jointed axillary spikes (usually several to each shoi 

 fleshy bract or scale and sunk in the joint). Calyx globular, 3-lobed. Anther 

 sessile on the base of the crJyx-lobes and opening by a pore. Stigma sessile 

 obtuse. Berry semitransparent and crowned by the persistent sepals. 



1. Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. Gray, PI. Fend. 58. 1848. Gh 

 brous, stout, densely branched, 1-3 dm. high: branches terete, the ultimat 

 branchlets quadrangular: scales broadly triangular, connate or distinct, 

 ciliate: staminate spikes of a r. ingle 6-8-flowered joint: pistillate spikes 2- 

 flowered: berry whitish or light red. On different species of Juniperus. 

 Colorado to New Mexico, and westward. 



35. SANTALACEAE R. Br. SANDALWOOD FAMILY 



Herbs or shrubs, with angled or striate branches, entire alternate exstipulate 

 and mostly sessile leaves. Flowers (in ours) perfect, usually greenish- white or 

 purplish; the perianth 3-5-cleft, and adherent to the 1-celled ovary. Corolla 

 wanting. Stamens as many as the perianth-lobes and inserted near their bases 

 or opposite them between the lobes of the epigynous disk. Style slender with 

 cleft or capitate stigma. Ovary 2-4-ovuled, becoming a 1-seeded nut-like 

 fruit. 



COMANDRA Nutt. BASTARD TOADFLAX 



Low herbaceous smooth perennials with subterranean rootstocks. Leaves 

 glabrous and often glaucous, the lowest scale-like. . Flowers greenish- white, in 

 small terminal or axillary umbellate clusters: perianth campanulate or urn- 

 shaped with a 5-lobed persistent limb. Disk with a free lobed margin. Sta- 

 mens included, inserted between the lobes of the disk to which they are at- 

 tached by tufts of hairs. Fruit drupaceous, crowned by the persistent calyx. 



Leaves green; fruit globose . . . . . . . . . 1. C. umbellata. 



Leaves glaucous; fruit ovoid 2. C. pallida. 



1. Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Gen. 1: 157. 1818. Light green, 1-3 dm. 

 high: stems leafy: leaves from oblong to lanceolate, 2-4 dm. long, sessile, often 

 acute at both ends: flowers in small corymbosely clustered cymes at the sum- 

 mit of the stem; the perianth lobes erect or spreading, about as long as the 

 green tube which is continued conspicuously above the ovary: fruit globular, 

 5-6 mm. in diameter. Rare in our range; transcontinental. 



