SAXIFRAGACEAE (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY) 239 



Leaves 3-5^cleft or toothed. 



Petals minute (2 mm.) . . . . . 9. S. micropetala. 



Petals evident (5-7 mm.) 10. S. caespitosa. 



Stems leafless (scapose). 



Leaves reniform-cordate . . . . . . . .U.S. arguta. 



Leaves ovate to oblong. 

 Sepals erect. 



Scape puberulent 12. S. rhomboidea. 



Scape glandular-pubescent ...... 13. S. austrina. 



Sepals reflexed, at least in fruit. 



Inflorescence open-paniculate ...... 14. S. saximontana. 



Inflorescence spiciform . . . . . . . 15. S. subapetala. 



1. Saxifraga oppositifolia L. Sp. PI. 402. 1753. The numerous stems 

 prostrate in a dense tuft: leaves fleshy, ovate, keeled, ciliate, imbricated on 

 the sterile branches: flowers solitary, large: petals purple, obovate, much 

 longer than the 5-cleft calyx which is free from the capsule: seeds rugose. 

 Arctic and northeastern America; also in the Rocky Mountains as far south 

 (it is said) as Wyoming. 



2. Saxifraga Hirculus L. Sp. PI. 402. 1753. Stems single from a slender 

 caudex, erect, glabrous or pubescent, 1-2 dm. high: leaves oblong or linear- 

 oblong, the lower short-petioled, somewhat equally distributed the whole 

 length of the stem: flowers solitary (rarely 2-4), terminal: sepals often ciliate, 

 nearly distinct, soon reflexed, much shorter than the large yellow petals: 

 capsule free from the calyx, or nearly so. From Colorado to the Arctic sea. 



3. Saxifraga flagellaris Willd. ex Sternb. Rev. Saxif. 25. t. 6. 1810. 

 Glandular-pubescent: stems erect, usually less than 1 dm. high: stolons from 

 the axils of the radical leaves, long and filiform, naked and rooting at the ends: 

 leaves rosulate-crowded at the base, and very numerous the whole length of 

 the stem, ovate-spatulate, ciliate: flowers large, yellow: sepals very glandular: 

 ovary slightly adnate to the calyx. Alpine in Colorado, and far to the north- 

 ward. 



4. Saxifraga chrysantha Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 83. 1877. Dwarf, 

 somewhat caespitose, the filiform somewhat glandular-pubescent stem 3-10 

 cm. high: leaves mostly rosulate at the base, very few on the stem, oblong- 

 ovate, thick, very smooth: flowers large, 1-3, yellow: calyx-segments reflexed, 

 much shorter than the obovate petals: carpels nearly or quite free from the 

 calyx. On the highest mountain peaks; Colorado to New Mexico. 



5. Saxifraga debilis Engelm. Gray, Proc. Phila. Acad. 1863: 62. Glabrous 

 or very sparingly glandular-pubescent: stems weak, ascending, 2-4-flowered, 

 5-10 cm. high: radical leaves small, crenately lobed, cauline ones 3-lobed or 

 entire: lobes of the calyx ovate, obtusish, at length shorter than the tube: 

 petals ovate, obtuse, twice longer than the calyx, white or pinkish: tube of 

 the calyx obconical, wholly adherent to the ovary. High mountains; Col- 

 orado, Wyoming, atid Utah. 



0. Saxifraga cernua L. Sp. PI. 403. 1753. Glabrate or glandular-pubescent; 

 stems granulate at base, weak, 6-14 cm. high: lower leaves reniform, broadly 

 toothed or lobed; the upper ones bearing little bulbs in their axils: flowers 

 often solitary, terminal, pendulous: petals retuse or rounded, 3-4 times as 

 long as the ovate calyx-lobes. (S. simidaia Small N. A. Fl. 22: 128. 1905.) 

 Alpine in the Rocky Mountains and far to the north; also in Europe and 

 Asia. 



7. Saxifraga austromontana W T iegand, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 388. 1900. 

 Glabrous, densely caespitose: stems ascending, slender, somewhat purplish, 

 7-15 cm. high: leaves crowded at the base, firm, linear-oblong, spinulose- 

 ciliate; the stem leaves smaller: flowers numerous, in an open somewhat corym- 

 bose panicle, sparingly glandular: petals white, spotted with orange and 

 purple dots, longer than the short obtuse sepals. S. bronchialis. (S. cog- 

 nata E. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 30: 118. 1902.) Colorado, northward, and west to 

 Washington. 



S. Saxifraga oregonensis (Raf.) A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 33: 52. 1906. Di- 

 minutive perennials from a slender caudex: stems simple, 3-8 cm. high, 

 glandular-pubescent: leaves small, mostly basal, oblong-spatulate, minutely 



