360 UMBELLIFERAE (PARSNIP FAMILY) 



acaulis, but the leaf-segments shorter and more obtuse: involucre small, hy- 

 aline: fruit somewhat larger, the lateral wings moderately thickened. 

 Gravelly bench lands; western Wyoming and adjacent Montana. 



3. Cymopterus lapidosus Jones, Contrib. Western Bot. No. 8: 31. 1898. 

 Glabrous: leaves and peduncles borne in a cluster at the summit of a more 

 or less elongated subterranean stem arising from a long branching root: 

 leaves 5-10 cm. long, pinnate to bipinnate, the pinnae rather crowded, ovate, 

 lower ones incised, upper ones entire: peduncles sometimes shorter than the 

 leaves, or becoming 1.5-2 cm. high, bearing a nearly equally rayed umbel, 

 with involucels of several linear bractlets; rays 1-2 cm. long; pedicels 4 mm. 

 long; flowers white: fruit oblong, glabrous, 6-7 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. broad, 

 with wings half as broad as body or less, and prominent dorsal and inter- 

 mediate ribs (more or less winged); oil-tubes several in the intervals. South- 

 ern Wyoming and adjacent Utah. 



4. Cymopterus Fendleri Gray, PL Fendl. 56. 1849. Low (5-10 cm.) and 

 glabrous, the cluster of leaves and peduncles springing from a slender sub- 

 terranean stem which arises from an elongated thick root: leaves usually 

 exceeding the peduncles, 2-3-pinnate; pinnae and segments 5 or 7, oblong 

 and incised: umbels with few and unequal rays and yellow flowers, sterile 

 flowers with longer pedicels than the fertile; involucre represented by a short 

 sheath whose teeth are occasionally prolonged into small linear bracts, and 

 involucels of bractlets united at base and exceeding the flowers: fruit oblong, 

 6-10 mm. long; each carpel with 3 or 4 wings which are thin at the margin 

 and also next to the body; oil-tubes several in the intervals, 4-8 on the com- 

 missural side. Gravelly soil; New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah. 



5. Cymopterus Newberryi (Wats.) Jones, Zoe 4: 47. 1893. Often more 

 robust than the other species (5-18 cm. high), but with the same habit: leaves 

 shorter than the peduncles, pinnately 3-5-foliolate or simply lobed, lobes and 

 leaflets broad; terminal leaflet 3-lobed, the lower mostly 2-lobed, all the lobes 

 sparingly incised: umbel unequally 4-13-rayed, with yellow flowers, and con- 

 spicuous involucels of more or less unequal oblong to ovate foliaceous bract- 

 lets: fruit sessile or nearly so, 6-8 mm. long, with very thick lateral wings 

 and dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform or winged; oil- tubes 4-8 in the in- 

 tervals, 8-10 on the commissural side. Colorado and New Mexico and west 

 to Utah and Arizona. 



23. PSEUDOCYMOPTERUS C. & R. 



Caulescent or acaulescent plants, with bipinnate leaves, no involucre (very 

 rarely a bract or two), involucels of mostly linear bractlets, and variously 

 colored flowers. Calyx-teeth evident. Fruit oblong, glabrous. Carpel with 

 very prominent and acute (sometimes narrowly winged) dorsal and inter- 

 mediate ribs, and rather broad and thickish lateral wings (sometimes not 

 much more prominent than the dorsals and intermediates), which are dis- 

 tinct from those of the other carpel; stylopodium wanting; oil- tubes 1-4 in 

 the intervals, 2-8 on the commissural side. Seed more or less flattened, with 

 plane face (except in P. bipinnatus). 



More or less caulescent. 

 Flowers yellow. 



Jltimatc divisions of leaves short, ovate to lanceolate . . . 1. P. montanus. 

 Ultimate divisions of leaves elongated, linear . 



Leaves (at least basal ones) ovate . . . . . . 2. P. sylvaticus. 



Leaves (at least basal ones) broadly rhombic. 



Plant slender; leaves mostly compound, with very long and 



few divisions 3. P. tenuifolius. 



Plant low; leaves thrice pinnate, with shorter, crowded, nu- 

 merous divisions . . . . . . . . 4. P. multifidus. 



Flowers purple . 5. P. purpureus. 



Acaulescent. 



Leaves on long petioles, green. 



Segments 1 incur 6. P. anisatus. 



i.-nts obovate to rhombie-cuneate 7. P. aletifolius. 



Leaves on short petioles, very pale or glaucous . . . 8. P. bipinnatus. 



