424 VERBENACEAE (VERVAIN FAMILY) 



but stems only 2-3 from the root, erect, 2-3 dm. high when beginning to 

 blossom, slender and simple but for the somewhat branched inflorescence; 

 pubescence silvery-hoary or -strigose: leaves linear, beset with setose hairs: 

 corolla only 2-3 cm. long, deep yellow, the lobes crenulate: nutlets ovate, 

 smooth, white and shining. Southern Colorado and probably extending into 

 New Mexico. 



5. Lithospermum angustifolium Michx. Fl. 1: 130. 1803. Minutely 

 scabrous-strigose and somewhat cinereous ; stems numerous from a stout root, 

 at first blossoming low and simple but becoming 2-3 dm. high and freely 

 branched: leaves linear: flowers pediceled, leafy bracted, of two sorts; the 

 earlier large, bright yellow, salverform, with corolla-tube 3-4 times as long as 

 the calyx and with conspicuous arched crests in the throat; the later cleis- 

 togamous, pale yellow and smaller, on pedicels which are recurved in fruit: 

 nutlets ovoid, white, shining, keeled and pitted on the inner side. (L. lin- 

 eari folium Goldie.) Dry soil; throughout our range and eastward. 



6. Lithospermum asperum A. Nels. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 26: 244. 1899. 

 Rough, the short spreading hairs often from pustulate bases; root stout and 

 woody, with dark exfoliating bark; stems numerous, simple or at length 

 sparingly branched, 15-25 cm. high, brittle: leaves oblong to linear: corolla 

 yellow, the lobes crenulate-erose; crests small; tube 2-3 cm. long, 3-5 times as 

 long as the linear sepals (flowers not known to be cleistogamous) : stamens 

 and pistils probably dimorphic: nutlets smooth (obscurely if at all keeled 

 or punctate). (L. ciliolatum Greene, Pitt. 4: 92. 1899.) Sandstone ledges; 

 south-central Wyoming and Colorado. 



12. ONOSMODIUM Michx. 



Rather stout and coarse rough-hispid or hirsute herbs, with leafy-bracteate 

 flowers crowded in scorpioid spikes and racemes. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 

 small, rarely twice the length of the calyx, greenish-white or yellowish-green, 

 tubular or tubular-funnelform, a glandular 10-lobed ring at the base of the 

 tube within. Style filiform, exserted. Nutlets 4 (sometimes not all maturing), 

 smooth, attached by the base. 



1. Onosmodium occidentale MacKenzie, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 32: 502. 

 1905. Somewhat canescent when young, becoming appressed-hirsute ; stems 

 tufted, somewhat diffuse, 4-8 dm. long: leaves ovate-lanceolate, 5-9-ribbed: 

 corolla-lobes hairy on the outside: nutlets large, ovoid, sparingly pitted. 

 O. carolinianum and var. molle. From the Rocky Mountains eastward. 



101. VERBENACEAE J. St. Hil. VERVAIN FAMILY 



Herbs or shrubs, chiefly with opposite or verticillate simple leaves and no 

 stipules. Flowers (in ours) generally spicate or capitate, with persistent, 

 4-5-lobed calyx and 2-lipped or nearly regular corolla. Stamens didynamous, 

 inserted on the corolla and alternate with its lobes. Style single, with 1 or 

 2 stigmas; ovary undivided, 2-4-celled. Fruit dry, separating at maturity 

 into 2-4 nutlets. 



Corolla 5-lobed; nutlets 4 . ... 1. Verbena. 



Corolla 4-lobed; nutlets 2 2. Lippia. 



1. VERBENA L. VERBENA. VERVAIN 



Herbs with bracted flowers sessile in single or often panicled spikes, tu- 

 bular .">-toothed calyx, and tubular (often curved) salverform corolla with 

 somewhat unequally 5-clcft border. Stamens 4, included; the anthers some- 

 times wanting on the upper pair, the connective with or without a gland- 



