SOLANACEAE (POTATO FAMILY) 433 



103. SOLANACEAE Pers. POTATO FAMILY 



Ours all herbs of various habit, with alternate or more rarely opposite 

 leaves without stipules. Flowers regular and perfect. Calyx 5-lobed. Corolla 

 sympetalous, more or less 5-lobed, variously arranged in bud but mostly 

 plicate. Stamens 5, inserted on the tube and alternate with the corolla- 

 lobes. Style and stigma single; the ovary mostly 2-celled and many-ovuled 

 on a central placenta. Fruit a berry or capsule. 



Fruit a berry. 



Fruiting calyx bladdery-inflated; anthers distinct. 



Corolla yellow or lighter, often with darker center . . .1. Physalis. 

 Corolla purple .......... 2. Quincula. 



Fruiting calyx closely investing the fruit 3. Chamaesaracha. 



Fruiting calyx not enlarged; anthers connivent . . . .4. Solanum. 

 Fruit a capsule. 



Capsule prickly 5. Datura. 



Capsule not prickly ......... 6. Nicotiana. 



1. FHYSALIS L. GROUND CHERRY 



Herbaceous annuals or perennials, with entire or sinuate-toothed leaves and 

 solitary, axillary, pedunculate flowers. Calyx becoming much enlarged and 

 membranaceous-inflated, completely and loosely inclosing the fruit, reticulate- 

 veiny and 5-angled or 10-costate. Corolla white or yellow, often with a dark 

 center, rotate or rotate-campanulate, 5-angulate or obscurely 5-lobed. Stamens 

 inserted near the base of the corolla; the anthers longitudinally dehiscent. 

 Style slender, somewhat bent. Berries juicy, greenish, red, or yellow, with 

 numerous flattened seeds. 



Annuals. 



Densely pubescent; corolla and berry yellow . . . 1. P. neo-mexicana. 



Glabrous or nearly so; corolla yellow with purple center; berry 



purple . . . . . . . . . . 2. P. ixocarpa. * 



Perennials. 



Pubescence simple or wanting (branched in no. 7). 

 Leaves glabrous. 



Corolla yellow with purplish throat; berry red or purple . 3. P. philadelphica. 

 Corolla yellow with brownish center; berry yellow . . 4. P. longifolia. 

 Leaves sparsely pubescent with flat hairs. 



Corolla yellow with brownish center . . . . . 5. P. lanceolata. 



Corolla greenish-yellow with dark green spots ... 6. P. polyphylla. 

 Leaves pubescent, the hairs branched on the lower surface . 7. P. pumila. 

 Pubescence branched. 



Pubescence dense and viscid-glandular. 



Leaves large (5 cm. or more long), cordate-ovate; pubescence 



long-villous . . . . . . . . . 8. P. heterophylla. 



Leaves smaller, reniform-cordate, finely viscid-pubescent . 9. P. hederaefolia. 

 Leaves subrotund, densely glandular-viscid . . . 10. P. rotundata. 

 Pubescence stellate 11. P. Fendleri. 



1. Physalis neo-mexicana Rydb. Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 4: 325. 1896. 

 Stem stout and strict, obtusely angled ; pubescence fine, dense, short, scarcely 

 viscid: leaves 3-5 cm. long, rather thick, broadly ovate or orbicular, very 

 obtuse, often subcordate, sinuately crenate: peduncles less than 2 cm. long: 

 calyx-lobes finely pubescent, lanceolate; calyx in fruit rather firm, sharply 

 angled, sunken at the base. P. pubescens in part. Southern Colorado and 

 southward. 



2. Physalis ixocarpa Brot. Horneman, Hort. Hafn. Suppl. 26. 1819. 

 In age much branched and widely spreading; stem angled, glabrous, sparingly 

 hairy on the branchlets: leaves cordate to ovate, base cuneate and oblique, 

 entire or sinuate, 3-6 cm. long: calyx slightly hairy; thelobes broadly trian- 

 gular, shorter than the tube: corolla bright yellow with purple throat: fruit- 

 ing calyx rounded-ovate, obscurely 10-angled, often purple-veined, at last 

 nearly filled by the purple berry. Probably reaching our range from the 

 southwest. 



3. Physalis philadelphica Lam. Enc. Meth. 2: 101. 1786. The dichot- 

 omously branched stem angled, erect, 5-10 dm. high: leaves ovate or nar- 



ROCKY MT. BOT. 28 



