SCROPHULARIACEAE (FIGWORT FAMILY) 439 



terminal raceme, yellow, 2-3 cm. long; the spur slender-subulate: seeds winged. 

 Fields and roadsides; rare in our range. * 



3. COLLINSIA Nutt. 



Ours a low winter annual, with simple opposite sessile leaves or the upper 

 verticillate and flowers solitary or verticillate in the axils. Corolla deeply 

 bilabiate; the upper lip 2-cleft; the lower 3-lobed with the middle lobe con- 

 duplicate into a keel-shaped sac which incloses the 4 declined stamens and 

 style. Upper pair of filaments inserted higher than the other; anther cells 

 confluent; a gland near the base of the corolla represents the fifth stamen. 

 Capsule ovoid or globose. 



1. Collinsia tenella (Pursh) Piper, Contrib. Nat. Herb. 11: 496. 1906. 

 Diffuse or spreading, 7-15 cm. high: leaves oblong to lanceolate, mostly ob- 

 tuse, 1-2 cm. long; the lower opposite and petioled; the upper sessile; the 

 floral often whorled: flowers pediceled, solitary or 2-5 in the upper verticils: 

 corolla 5-7 mm. long, exceeding the lanceolate calyx-lobes, blue or bicolored 

 (blue and white): gland small, capitate, short-stipitate. C. parviflora. 

 Widely distributed; throughout our range and eastward and westward. 



4. SCROPHULARIA L. FIGWORT 



Rather coarse perennial herbs with opposite leaves and small yellowish- 

 green or purplish flowers in terminal paniculate cymes. Calyx 5-parted. 

 Corolla irregular; the tube ventricose-globular; the lobes unequal (4 erect and 

 the fifth reflexed or spreading). Anther-bearing stamens 4, declined; the 

 fifth reduced to a sterile scale on the roof of the corolla-tube. Capsule ovoid; 

 seeds rugose. 



1. Scrophularia occidentalis (Rydb.) Bickn. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 23: 315. 

 1896. More or less soft-pubescent and glandular; stems stout, 5-12 dm. high: 

 leaves ovate or slightly cordate at base, acute or acuminate, 5-15 cm. long, 

 doubly and sharply serrate or incised, often with fascicles of smaller leaves 

 in their axils: thyrsus with short branches; flowers numerous: calyx-segments 

 rounded-elliptical, obtuse, slightly margined: sterile filament very broad, 

 reniform, stipitate. S. nodosa marylandica. Alluvial soils; Dakota to Col- 

 orado and far westward. 



6. PENTSTEMON Soland. BEARD-TONGUE 



Perennial herbs or more rarely low shrubs with opposite leaves (upper 

 sessile and mostly clasping) and generally showy thyrsoid or racemose- 

 panicled flowers. Calyx 5-parted, the tube narrow or more or less campanulate- 

 inflated. Corolla irregular, with elongated and often ventricose tube; the limb 

 2-lipped. Stamens 5, four of them didynamous and normal, the fifth sterile, 

 equaling or surpassing the others, usually flattened, either naked or bearded ; 

 anther cells often divergent and becoming confluent at apex. Style filiform 

 and tipped with the small capitate stigma. Capsule ovoid-acute to globose; 

 seeds numerous. 



Anther-cells not confluent, but dehiscent from the base nearly or 



quite to the apex. 



Corolla red; anthers glabrous (except in No. 3). 

 Corolla strongly bilabiate. 

 Sterile filament glabrous. 



Corolla bearded in throat . . . . . . . 1. P. barbatus. 



Corolla-throat glabrous or nearly so . . - , . 2. P. Torreyi. 



Sterile filament hairy . . . . . . . . 3. P. trichander. 



Corolla but slightly bilabiate 4. P. Eatonii. 



Corolla blue or violet. 



Plant mostly glabrous or glaucous. 



