450 SCROPHULARIACEAE (FIGWORT FAMILY) 



1. Synthyris wyomingensis (A. Nels.) Heller, Muhl. 1: 5. 1900. Stems 

 puberulent or softly pubescent, 1-2.5 dm. high: radical leaves petioled, 

 broadly ovate to oblong, crenate-dentate, rounded or subcordate at base, 

 mostly obtuse at apex; cauline leaves sessile, small, mostly acute: bracts 

 broadly lanceolate to nearly linear: calyx anteriorly cleft to the base, pos- 

 teriorly into 2 or 3 lobes to about the middle, the lobes either entire or (if only 

 2) with 2 tooth-like lobes: corolla wanting: stamens conspicuous, filaments 

 twice the length of the calyx: capsule emarginate, large, turgid, puberulent, 

 protruding from the cleft side of the calyx. S. rubra. Wyoming and prob- 

 ably in Colorado and Utah. 



la. Synthyris wyomingensis gymnocarpa A. Nels. Similar but smaller, 

 with shorter spike: sepals mostly reduced to the 2 dorsal ones, these distinct or 

 somewhat united: capsule orbicular, much flattened at maturity, naked ex- 

 cept for the bract and sepals closely approximated on the posterior angle. 

 (Wulfenia gymnocarpa A. Nels. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 25: 282. 1898.) West- 

 ern Wyoming and Colorado. 



2. Synthyris pinnatifida Wats. Bot. King's Exp. 227. pi. 22. 1871. Some- 

 what villous: radical leaves long-petioled, broadly ovate in outline, pinnately 

 divided, the lowest of the 3 or 4 pairs of lobes nearly distinct, the upper con- 

 fluent, all laciniately pinnatifid and the segments laciniately toothed : flowering 

 stems 8-16 cm. high, usually exceeding the leaves, naked below: raceme 

 2-5 cm. long, densely flowered above; pedicels shorter than the subtending 

 ovate or oblong, toothed or entire bracts: calyx-lobes oblong, mostly obtuse: 

 corolla whitish, nearly twice longer than the calyx, the lower lip deeply 3- 

 lobed, the upper one entire: capsule elliptical, turgid. On rocky ridges in the 

 high mountains; Idaho to Utah, Wyoming, and Montana. 



3. Synthyris laciniata (Gray) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 353. 1900. 

 Size and habit of the preceding: leaves orbicular orreniform, never pinnatifid, 

 but laciniately cleft to the middle or less. Same range. 



4. Synthyris alpina Gray, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 34: 251. 1862. Somewhat 

 woolly, becoming smooth: radical leaves elliptic or oval, sometimes subcor- 

 date, closely crenate, 3-5 cm. long, on slender petioles: scape 5-15 cm. high, 

 leafy-bracted: spike short, dense, in flower 2-6 cm. long: sepals lanceolate, 

 villous on the outside toward the edge with long hairs, also the bracts: corolla 

 2-parted, upper lip very broad, erose; the lower much smaller, 2-3-parted; 

 lobes narrow, purplish-blue: stigma capitate: stamens exserted. High alpine 

 in Colorado and southern Wyoming. 



5. Synthyris plantaginea Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10: 455. 1846. Woolly- 

 pubescent, becoming smooth: radical leaves oblong, crenate, thick, coriaceous, 

 7-15 cm. long, abruptly narrowed at base and somewhat decurrent on the 

 petiole, somewhat pilose on the veins and ribs; petioles 5-8 cm. long: scape 

 2-3 dm. high, furnished with numerous oblong or orbicular, nearly sessile 

 bracts: flowers in a long, dense spike, in fruit 10-15 cm. in length: fruit scarcely 

 exceeding the round-ovate persistent bracts. Subalpine woods; Colorado 

 to New Mexico. 



6. Synthyris Ritteriana Eastw. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. III. 1: 23. 1898. 

 Sparingly pubescent; scape stout, nearly 3 dm. high, foliaceous: leaves rad- 

 ical, 8-10 cm. long, oblong-elliptical, obtuse, crenate; petioles stout, 8-12 cm. 

 long; bracts of the scape alternate, ovate-acuminate, sessile by a subcordate 

 base: floral bracts rhomboidal, acuminate, tapering at base to a short petiole; 

 flowers white, in a spike 5 cm. long: calyx of 3 divisions 4 mm. long, each 

 orbicular to obovate, entire, toothed, or cleft, obtuse or acute, fringed with 

 white hairs: corolla of 2 divisions, surpassing the calyx by 2 mm.; upper part 

 broadly obovate, acute, ciliate; lower variously cleft with 2-3-lacimate, 

 ciliate divisions: filaments inserted at the base of the corolla, surpassing it by 

 2 mm. (S. flavescens A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 34: 33. 1902.) Mountains of Col- 

 orado. 



t'm. Synthyris Ritteriana obtusa A. Nels. 1. c. Leaves broad and obtuse: 

 bracts of scape orbicular, cuspidate; bracts of spike narrowed but not petioled: 

 calyx 2-lobed to the base, one or both lobes sometimes cleft into very unequal 



