OROBANCHACEAE (BROOM RAPE FAMILY) 463 



and sometimes with few or no leaves or bladders. Bladders furnished with a 

 valvular lid and usually with a few bristles at the orifice. Lips of the 2- 

 parted calyx entire, or nearly so. 



Leaves pinnately divided; corolla broad (12 mm.), with permanent spur . 1. U. vulgaris. 

 Leaves dichotomously divided; corolla half as broad. .... 2. U. minor. 



L Utricularia vulgaris L. Sp. PL 18. 1753. Stems submersed, leafy, 

 3-12 dm. long: leaves numerous, alternate; blades 2-3-pinnately dissected 

 into filiform segments, usually bearing numerous bladders; bladders when 

 fully developed 3-5 mm. long: scapes erect, 1-3 dm. high: racemes 5-10- 

 flowered; pedicels 5-15 mm. long, recurving at maturity: calyx becoming 

 3-3.5 mm. long: corolla yellow, 12-15 mm. broad; the upper lip erect, nearly 

 entire; the lower lip spreading, slightly 3-lobed; spur not appressed, horn- 

 like, slightly curved, shorter than the lower lip: capsules many-seeded. In 

 brooks and ponds throughout most of the northern hemisphere. 



2. Utricularia minor L. 1. c. Scapes slender, 0.5-1.8 dm. high; branches 

 floating, short: leaf-divisions few and setaceous; bladders borne along the 

 leaves, few, often none, the largest not over 2 mm. long: flowers 1-10, pale 

 yellow, racemose: corolla 4-6 mm. broad, ringent, the upper lip smaller than 

 the lower; spur usually reduced to a blunt, broad protuberance, shorter than 

 the lips: pedicels reflexed in fruit. Shallow ponds and bogs; like the preced- 

 ing widely distributed. 



106. OROBANCHACEAE Lindl. BROOM RAPE FAMILY 



Commonly perennial herbs, destitute of green foliage and parasitic on the 

 roots of other plants. Stems sometimes almost wanting. Leaves scale-like. 

 Flowers perfect, or rarely dioecious. Calyx of 4 or 5 more or less united se- 

 pals, persistent; tube campanulate or tubular. Corolla persistent on wither- 

 ing; limb more or less bilabiate and irregular. Stamens 4, didynamous, 

 adnate to the corolla, mostly included; anthers 2-celled or rarely 1-celled, 

 leathery. Styles united, terminal; stigma capitate or 2-lobed; ovules mostly 

 numerous, anatropous. Fruit a capsule, inclosed in the persistent corolla, 

 with 1 or apparently 2 cavities. 



Flowers spicate, sessile or subsessile, bracteate 1. Orobanche. 



Flowers pedunculate and bractless 2. Thalesia. 



1. OROBANCHE L. BROOM RAPE 



Parasitic herbs, on roots of various plants, commonly with yellowish or 

 brownish pubescent foliage. Leaves scale-like. Flowers spicate, with bract- 

 lets. Calyx with a deep sinus above and below, the lateral lobes often 2-cleft. 

 Corolla irregular; tube slightly curved; limb 2-lipped, the upper lip erect or 

 incurved, the lower lip spreading. Ovary 1-celled. Capsule 2-valved. Aphyl- 

 lon in part. 



Corolla 2 cm. or more long; anthers woolly . . . . . 1. O. multiflora. 

 Corolla less than 2 cm. long; anthers glabrous 2. O. ludoviciana. 



1. Orobanche multiflora Nutt. PI. Gamb. 179. 1847. Whole plant viscidly 

 pruinose-puberulent, 1-3 dm. high: flowers nearly sessile or the lower ones 

 short-pediceled : calyx bibracteolate, almost 5-parted into linear-lanceolate 

 lobes, fully half the length of the ample purplish corolla: anthers very woolly. 

 Gravelly plains and pine woods; western Texas to Arizona, extending into 

 Southern Colorado. 



2. Orobanche ludoviciana Nutt. Gen. 2: 58. 1818. Rather less pubescent : 

 spikes more frequently compound: calyx less deeply and somewhat unequally 

 5-cleft: corolla about half smaller; upper lip sometimes almost entire: anthers 



