VALERIANACEAE (VALERIAN FAMILY) 475 



globose; seeds longitudinally wrinkled. From our range eastward to the 

 Atlantic. 



LAURENTIA Micheli. 



Low herbs, resembling small species of Lobelia excepting the closed tube of 

 the corolla. Flowers blue. Calyx-tube turbinate or oblong. Corolla with its 

 tube as long as the limb. Capsule short, 2-valved at the summit. 



1. Laurentia eximia A. Nels. Perennial, the simple stems about 1 dm. 

 high, internodes short: lower leaves narrow, tapering from the dilated base, 

 15-25 mm. long; the floral somewhat broader: flowers few, from the axils of 

 the crowded uppermost leaves, on short peduncles: sepals foliaceous, 6-8 mm. 

 long: corolla deep blue; the upper lip of 2 oblong-erect lobes about as long as 

 the tube; the lower of 3 ovate lobes longer than the tube, somewhat depressed, 

 and with 2 narrow yellow plicae in the throat: capsule obconical, many- 

 seeded. L. carnosula. (Porterella eximia A. Nels. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 270. 

 1900.) Banks of ponds; northwestern Wyoming; probably throughout our 

 range. 



115. VALERIANACEAE Batsch. VALERIAN FAMILY 



Herbs with opposite leaves and no stipules, and usually small perfect or 

 polygamous flowers in corymbed or capitate cymes. Calyx-tube adnate to the 

 ovary. Corolla tubular or funnelform, mostly 5-lobed. Stamens 1-4, inserted 

 on the corolla-tube. Ovary inferior, 1-3-celled, one of the cells containing a 

 single suspended ovule, the others empty. 



VALERIANA L. VALERIAN 



Roots of peculiar scent. Leaves various. Flowers white or rose-colored. 

 Calyx-limb of 5-15 setiform lobes, which are inrolled and inconspicuous until 

 fruiting. Stamens 3. 



Leaves nerve-veined, usually thick, entire or with entire linear divi- 

 sions. 



Ovaries and fruits pubescent 1. V. ceratophylla. 



Ovaries and fruits glabfous . . . . . . . . 2. V. furfurescens. 



Leaves pinnately veined, usually thin, and often pinnate. 



Ovaries and fruits pubescent . . . . . . . 3. V. micrantha. 



Ovaries and fruits glabrous . . . . . . . . 4. V. acutiloba. 



1. Valeriana ceratophylla (Hook.) Piper, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11: 532. 

 1906. Erect from a large, fusiform, perpendicular stock branching below into 

 deep and thickened roots; stem 7-20 dm. or more high: leaves thickish, 

 nervosely veined, not serrate, slightly pubescent; radical leaves oblanceolate 

 to spatulate, tapering into a margined petiole, entire or some sparingly 

 laciniate-pinnatifid ; cauline rarely none, commonly 1 or 3 pairs, sessile, and 

 pinnately parted into 3-7 linear or lanceolate divisions, or terminal one spatu- 

 late : flowers polygamo-dioecious, yellowish- white, sessile in the cymules, which 

 form an elongated, thyrsiform, naked panicle. V. edulis. New Mexico and 

 Arizona, northward and eastward. 



2. Valeriana furfurescens A. Nels. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 28: 232. 1901. 

 Similar, the root slender, only 1-3 cm. in diameter: leaves entire or nearly so: 

 inflorescence usually much elongated, often half the height of the plant; flowers 

 very numerous, minute: corolla 1-1.5 mm. long, greenish-yellow: fruit 3^ mm. 

 long, ovate, compressed, glabrous but often slightly scurfy rugulose. (V. 

 trachycarpa Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 31: 645. 1904.) Moist saline 

 meadows ; Colorado and Wyoming. 



3. Valeriana micrantha E. Nels. Erythea 7: 166. 1899. Glabrous, erect 

 from creeping rootstocks, 3-8 dm. high: radical leaves entire or with 1 or 2 



