546 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



ical leaves cordate-oblong to hastate, 1-3 dm. long, the base 5-15 cm. wide, 

 on petioles of greater length; the few and inconspicuous cauline linear to 

 spatulate: scape at length 3 dm. or more high: rays 3-5 cm. long. (B. tomen- 

 tosa Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 628. 1900.) "Used by the Indians for 

 food "; mountains of Colorado to Montana and British Columbia. 



2. Balsamorrhiza macrophylla Nutt. 1. c. Green, not at all canescent, 

 glabrate, except the ciliate margins of the leaves, usually minutely glandular- 

 viscidulous: leaves ample, ovate or oblong in outline, 1.5-3 dm. long, some with 

 only 1 or 2 lobes or coarse teeth, most of them pinnately parted into broadly 

 lanceolate and commonly entire lobes: scapes 3-5 dm. high: bracts of the 

 involucre narrowly lanceolate to spatulate and foliaceous, 3-5 cm. long, 

 nearly equal, either half or fully the length of the rays. Rocky and Wasatch 

 Mountains in Wyoming and Utah. 



la. Balsamorrhiza macrophylla terebinthacea (Nutt.) A. Nels. Differs 

 from the species in being somewhat hispidulous-scabrous or hirsutulous on 

 the leaf-margins, and lanate-tomentose on the involucre. (B. terebinthacea 

 Nutt. 1. c.) Stony ground; Wyoming to Oregon. 



3. Balsamorrhiza Hookeri Nutt. 1. c. Canescent with fine sericeous or 

 more tomentose pubescence, but not at all hirsute: scapes and leaves 1.5-3 dm. 

 high; the latter lanceolate or elongated-oblong in outline, pinnately or bi- 

 pinnately parted into lanceolate or linear divisions or lobes, or some of them 

 only pinnatifid or incised: involucre canescently puberulent to lanate; the 

 bracts linear to oblong-lanceolate, either unequal and well imbricated or 

 sometimes the outermost foliaceous and enlarged. West of our range, but 

 represented by 



3a. Balsamorrhiza Hookeri hirsuta (Nutt.) A. Nels. The pubescence 

 roughish-hirsute and spreading, not canescent or tomentose. (B. hirsuta 

 Nutt. 1. c.) Wyoming to Utah and northwestward. 



4. Balsamorrhiza incana Nutt. 1. c. Densely white-tomentose throughout; 

 stems 1-2 dm. high: leaves oblong- or deltoid-lanceolate in outline, pinnately 

 or bipinnately parted or lobed, the divisions oval or oblong: bracts of the in- 

 volucre lanceolate to linear, 15-20 mm. long, imbricated in 2 or 3 series: rays 

 12-14, 3-4 cm. long: chaff of the receptacle much shorter than the flowers. 

 (B. floccosa Rydb. 1. c. 629.) Wyoming to Montana and to the Pacific States. 



52. WYETHIA Nutt. 



Coarse perennial herbs with usually simple stems, alternate mostly entire 

 leaves, and large heads of yellow flowers. Heads many-flowered. Bracts of 

 the campanulate involucre loosely imbricated in 2 or 3 series, nearly equal, 

 foliaceous, the innermost smaller and resembling the chaff. Receptacle 

 slightly convex; the chaff lanceolate, carinate, acute, as long as the flowers 

 and embracing them. Rays large, pistillate, sometimes with sterile filaments; 

 disk-corollas cylindrical, elongated, with a short proper tube, 5-toothed. 

 Style-branches in the ray-flowers glabrous; in the disk elongated, filiform, 

 revolute, strongly hispid on the inner faces. Achenes stout, elongated, 4-5- 

 angled, terminated with a coroniform 5-10-toothed or laciniate pappus, 1 or 

 more of the teeth usually prolonged into a rigid persistent awn. 



Rays pale, yellowish to white 1. W. helianthoides. 



Rays bright yellow. 



Plant glabrous and smooth throughout . . . . .2. W. amplexicaulis. 

 Plant hirsutely pubescent or scabrous. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering to both ends . . .3. W. arizonira. 



Leaves broadly linear 4. W. scabra. 



1. Wyethia helianthoides Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 7: 351. 1841. 

 Stems 2-4 dm. high, simple and with a single large head, or rarely 3 or 4, 

 hirsute: leaves oval to broadly lanceolate, denticulate or entire, 1-2 dm. 

 long, mostly narrowed at base into a short-margined petiole: heads 2-3 cm. 

 high; bracts of the involucre narrowly lanceolate, numerous: rays 4-5 cm. 



