64 PINACEAE (PINE FAMILY) 



3. P. rigida Mill. (PITCH P.) Leaves (5-12 cm. long) dark green, from 

 short sheaths; conts ovoid-conical or ovoid (3-9 cm. long), often in clusters; 

 scales with a short stout generally recurved prickle. Sandy or barren soil, 

 N. B. to L. Ontario, e. Tenn., and n. Ga. A tree 10--J5 tn. high, with very 

 rough dark bark and hard resinous wood ; sterile flowers shorter ; scales 6-8. 



4. P. ser6tina Michx. (POND or MARSH P.) Similar to the last but readily 

 distinguished by its much longer leaves (15-25 cm. in length) and sheaths, as 

 well as the short more deciduous prickles of the cone. Coastal swain ps, Va. 

 (Harper) to Fla. 



5. P. pungens Lamb. (TABLE MOUNTAIN P.) Leaves stout, short, in 2's 

 or 3's (3-6 cm. long), crowded, bluish; the sheath short (very short on old 

 foliage); the scales armed with a strong hooked spine. Allegheny Mts., N. J. 

 and Pa., to Ga. and Tenn. A rather small tree (6-18 m. high) ; cones long- 

 persistent. 



6. P. virginiana Mill. (JERSEY or SCRUB P.) Leaves short (4-8 cm. 

 long), in 2's ; cones sometimes curved, the scales tipped with a straight or re- 

 curved awl-shaped prickle. (P. inops Ait.) Barrens and sterile hills. L. I. to 

 S.C., Ala., and s. Ind. A straggling tree (5-12 m. high), with spreading or 

 drooping branchlets ; larger westward. Young shoots with a purplish glaucous 

 bloom. 



7. P. Banksiana Lamb. (GRAY or NORTHERN ScRrn P.) Leaves in 2's, 

 very short and thick (usually 2-3 cm. long), 'oblique, dicerytnt; cones conical, 

 oblong, usually curved (4-5 cm. long), smooth, the scales pointless, or with a 

 minute obsolescent prickle. (P. divaricata auth.) Barren, sandy, or rocky soil, 

 N. S. to n. N. Y., w. to n. 111., Minn., and northw. A low tree, usually 5-10 

 (rarely 20) m. high. 



8. P. echinata Mill. (YELLOW P.) Leaves in 2's or 3's, slender, mostly 

 about 1 dm. long, with long sheaths; cone-scales with a minute weak prickle. 

 (P. mitis Michx.) Usually dry or sandy soil, Staten I. to Kan., and southw. 

 A straight tree (15-30 m. high), with dark green leaves more soft and slender 

 than the preceding. The western form has more rigid leaves and more tubercu- 

 late and spiny cones. 



9. P. SYLVESTRIS L. (SCOTCH P., SCOTCH FIR.) Leaves in 2's, dark green ; 

 cones 4-6 cm. long, the thickened rhombic scales with central tubercle but not 

 spinous. Much cultivated, and thoroughly naturalized at some points on the 

 N. E. coast. A valuable long-lived tree attaining considerable height, but the 

 trunk rarely straight, the bark gray. (Nat. from Eu.) 



10. P. resinbsa Ait. (RED P.) Leaves in 2's, dark green ; cones ovoid- 

 conical, smooth (about 5 cm. long), their scales slightly thickened, pointless; 

 sterile flowers oblong-linear (12-18 mm. long), subtended by about 6 involucral 

 scales which are early deciduous by an articulation above the base. Dry woods, 

 Mass, to n. Pa., Mich., and Minn., and northw. A tall tree, with reddish rather 

 smooth bark and hard wood, not very resinous. 



11. P. palustris Mill. (LONG-LEAVED, YELLOW, or GEORGIA P.) Leaves in 

 3's from long sheaths, very long, crowded at -the summit of very scaly branches ; 

 sterile flowers 6-8 cm. long, rose-purple ; cones large, cylindrical or conical- 

 cylindric, the thick scales armed icith a short recurved spine. (P. australis Michx.) 

 Sandy soil, s. Va. to Fla. and Tex. A large tree, with thin-scaled bark and 

 exceedingly hard and resinous wood. 



2. ULRIX [Tourn.] Adans. LARCH 



Catkins lateral, terminating short spurs on branches of a year's growth or 

 more, short or globular, developed in early spring ; the sterile from leafless buds ; 

 the fertile mostly with leaves below. Anther-cells opening transversely. Pollen- 

 grains simple, globular. Cone-scales persistent. Leaves needle-shaped, soft, 

 deciduous, very many in a fascicle, developed in early spring from lateral scaly 

 and globular buds. Fertile catkins crimson or red in flower. (The ancient 

 name. ) 



