314 ORCHIDACEAE (ORCHIS FAMILY) 



basal, the lower ones usually withering before flowering-time ; scape smooth 

 below, densely pubescent above ; floral bracts longer than the ovaries, with dis- 

 tinct hyaline margins ; raceme elongated, slender, 1-ranked, 8-15 cm. long ; 

 perianth 8-10 mm. long, yellowish. (8. praecox Man. ed. 6, in part.) Dry 

 soil along the coast, Mass, to Fla. and N. Mex. ; northw. through the Miss. 

 Valley to 111. and Kan.; rare. Aug., Sept. 



x S. intermedia Ames (S. gracilis x S. vernalis.) Resembling S. vernalis, 

 but slenderer throughout, with shorter narrowly elliptic-lanceolate leaves ; lip 

 nearly oblong, greenish with green callosities. Dry fields, Easton, Mass. 

 (A. A.. Eaton). 



*+ *+ Lip oblong, smooth beneath. 



4. S. prafccox (Walt.) Wats. & Coult. Scape 4-8 dm. high, slender, glabrous 

 below, slightly pubescent above ; roots clustered, fleshy; leaves linear, grass- 

 like, 1-2. 5 dm. long, upper ones passing into acute sheathing hyaline-margined 

 bracts; perianth 6-9 mm. long ; flowers white, often veined with green, in more 

 or less one-sided racemes. A southern species, extending along the Atlantic 

 coast from N. J. to Tex. Spring; Aug., Sept. at the North. 



* * Flowers apparently in several ranks. 



*- Lip not constricted, or only rarely so. 



** Lip quadrate, yellow (May-July). 



5. S. lucida (H. H. Eaton) Ames. Scape 7-20 cm. high ; leaves oblong or 

 oblong-lanceolate, 9 cm. long, 1 cm. wide on the average, 3-6-nerved, contracted 

 into a sheathing base ; raceme slender, 2-7 cm. long ; perianth 6-7 mm. long ; 

 lip yellowish. (S. latifolia Torr. ; Neottia lucida H. H. Eaton.) Moist banks, 

 Me. to Ont. and Wise., s. to Va. May-July. 



** ** Lip ovate (Sept., Oct.). 



6. S. ovalis Lindl. Similar to the preceding in habit ; perianth 4-5 mm. 

 long; lip few-nerved, membranaceous. (S. cernua, var. parviflora Chapm.) 

 In shady moist woods and on high wooded hills, rare, 111. and Mo. to Ga., Miss., 

 and Tex. Sept., Oct. 



****** Lip ovate-oblong. 



= Leaves mostly radical, lowermost longest. 



7. S. cSrnua (L.) Richard. Plants 14-38 cm. high, from slender fleshy 

 roots, leafy below ; leaves linear-lanceolate, variable, sometimes distinctly 

 petioled ; cauline bracts 4 or 5, usually closely appressed to the scape ; scape 

 pubescent above ; floral bracts exceeding the ovaries by about half the length of 

 the perianth ; flowers in two or three spiral or vertical ranks ; racemes 3-12 cm. 

 long ; perianth 7-10 mm. long ; lip ovate-oblong, about as long as the sepals, 

 apical margin crisped or erose. Bogs and wet land, Nfd. to Ga., Minn., and 

 Neb. Sept., Oct. Very variable in size and foliage, often losing the root-leaves 

 at flowering time. Var. OCHROLE^JCA (Rydb.) Ames. Growing in dry ground 

 and blooming somewhat later, having greenish, cream-colored, or white flowers 

 and longer floral bracts. Me. to S. Dak., s. to Ga. and N. Mex. Sept., Oct. 



= = Leaves extending up the stem. 



8. S. odorata (Nutt.) Lindl. Plant 4-10.5 dm. high ; roots coarse, fleshy ; 

 leaves several, mostly basal, lanceolate, acute, about 12 cm. long, 2 cm. wide ; 

 perianth 8 mm. long, yellowish-white, often white, fragrant ; basal half of the 

 lip dilated, rhomboidal, tapering to the obtuse erose-margined apex, veined and 

 suffused with greenish-yellow, callosities prominent. Swamps and wet ground, 

 Coast States, Va. to Tex. Sept. -Dec. 



*- *- Lip constricted at the middle or near the apex. 



9. S. Romanzoffiana Cham. Plants 8-47 cm. tall, from roots 5-8 mm. thick, 

 leafy below and leafy-bracted above ; leaves varying from oblong-lanceolate to 

 linear ; scape glandular-pubescent above ; cauline bracts 2-3 ; raceme dense, 

 cylindrical, variable in length ; perianth yellowish or whitish, 6-12 mm. long ; 



