384 CARYOPHYLLACEAE (PINK FAMILY) 



reduced or wanting) a little longer than the calyx ; pods nodding on the stalks, 

 curved upward, nearly or quite thrice the length of the calyx. (C. longe pedun- 

 culatum Muhl., as women subnudum.) Moist rich soil, "N. S."; and Vt. to 

 Athabasca, southw. and westw. May-July. 



7. HOL6STEUM [Dill.] L. JAGGED CHICKWEED 



Sepals 5. Petals 5, usually jagged or denticulate at the point. Stamens 3-5, 

 rarely 10. Styles mostly 3. Pod ovoid, 1-celled, many-seeded, opening at the 

 top by 6 teeth. Seeds rough, flattened on the back, attached by the inner face. 

 Annuals or biennials, with several (white) flowers in an umbel borne on a 

 long terminal peduncle. (Name from 6\to-Tcov, a word used by Dioscorides for 

 some unknown plant. ) 



1. H. uMBELiATDM L. Leaves oblong ; peduncle and upper part of the stem 

 glandular-pubescent ; pedicels reflexed after flowering. Roadsides, fields, etc., 

 N. J. and Pa. to Ga. Apr., May. (Nat. from Eu.) 



8. AGROSTEMMA L. CORN COCKLE 



Calyx ovoid, with 10 strong ribs ; the elongated teeth (in ours 2-3 cm. long) 

 exceeding the 5 large unappendaged petals. Stamens 10. Capsule 1-celled. 

 Leaves linear. Tall silky annual or biennial. (Name from ayp6s, field, and 

 ffTtnna, crown.) 



1. A. GITH\GO L. Flowers 2.5-4 cm. in diameter ; petals purplish-red, paler 

 toward the claw and spotted with black. (Lychnis Scop.) Grainfields, and 

 less frequently by roadsides. (Introd. from Eu.) Seeds poisonous. 



9. LYCHNIS [Tourn.] L. CAMPION 



Styles 5, rarely 4, and pod opening by as many or twice as many teeth ; 

 otherwise nearly as in Silene. (Ancient Greek name for a scarlet or flame- 

 colored species, from Xi/x"j, a light or lamp.) 



* Calyx-teeth twisted; petals large; plant white-woolly. 



1. L. CORONARIA (L.) Desr. (MULLEIN PINK.) Stem 4-9 dm. high ; leaves 

 oval or oblong ; petals crimson. Showy plant, often cultivated and now locally 

 established, Me. to N. Y. and Mich. (Introd. from Eu.) 



* * Calyx-teeth not twisted ; petals showy, much exserted; plant green. 

 - Flowers perfect. 



2. L. FLOs-cfrcuLi L. (RAGGED ROBIN.) Perennial, erect, slightly downy 

 below, viscid above ; leaves narrowly lanceolate ; flowers in loose panicles ; calyx 

 short, glabrous ; petals red, 4-lobed, lobes linear. Moist or marshy places, 

 and in waste land, N. B. to N. J. and Pa. Often cultivated. (Introd. from Eu.) 



3. L. CHALCEDONICA L. (SCARLET LYCHNIS.) Stout erect perennial with 

 ovate leaves and hemispherical clusters of scarlet flowers; petals bifid. Culti- 

 vated, and locally escaped in the Northern States. (Introd. from Japan.) 



i- *- Flowers dioecious or polygamous. 



4. L. DiofcA L. (RED C.) Leaves ovate to lance-oblong ; flowers red to 

 rarely white, inodorous, diurnal; calyx-teeth triangular-lanceolate, acute; 

 capsule globose with a wide mouth at dehiscence. (L. diurna Sibth.) Waste 

 grounds and roadsides, common, especially eastw. (Adv. from Eurasia.) 



5. L. ALBA Mill. (WHITE C.) Similiar in foliage; flowers white or pink, 

 fragrant, opening in the evening ; calyx-teeth longer, attenuate ; capsule ovoid- 

 conical, narrow-mouthed at dehiscence. (L. vespertina Sibth.) Same situ- 

 ations, but less common. (Adv. from Old World.) Resembles Silene noctijlra 

 but has 5 styles. 



