RANUNCULACEAE (CROWFOOT FAMILY) 393 



2. Myosurus. Sepals spurred. Petals 5, white. Achones In a long spike. Soapee 1-flowered. 



>'((! suspended. 

 8. Adonis. Sepals and petals (5-16, crimson or scarlet) flat, unappendaged. Seed suspended. 



* * Petals none ; sepals 8-5, caducous ; seed erect ; leaves alternate. 



4. Trautvetteria. Achenes numerous, inflated, 4-anglod. Flowers corymbose. Filaments 

 white, clavate. 



* * * Petals none (rarely some staininodla) ; seed suspended, 

 i- Leaves alternate, compound ; flowers panicled, often dioecious, 

 f. Thalictrum. Sepals usually 4, petal-like or greenish. Achenes few. 



- +- All but the lower leaves opposite or whorled ; peduncles 1-flowered. 



6. Anemonella. Stigma terminal, broad and flat. Radical leaves and involucre compound. 



lYduncles umbellate. Achenes 4-15, many-ribbed. 



7. Hepatica. Involucre close to the flower, of 8 oval bracts, calyx-like. Leaves radical, simple 



and lobed. Pistils several. 



8. Anemone. Involucre leaf-like, remote from the flower. Leaves compound or dissected. 



Pistils very many. 



Tribe II. CLEMATfDEAE. Sepals normally 4, petal-like, valvate in the bud, or with the edges 

 bent inward. Petals none, or small. Achenes numerous, tailed with the feathery or hairy 

 styles. Seed suspended. Leaves all opposite. 



9. Clematis. Climbing by the leafstalks, or erect herbs. 



Tribe III. HELLEB6REAE. Sepals imbricated in the bud, rarely persistent, petal-like. Petals 

 often nectariferous or reduced to staminodia or none. Pods (follicles) or berries (in nos. 21 

 and 22) few, rarely single, few-many-seeded. Leaves alternate. 



* Ovules and commonly seeds more than one pair ; herbs. 



*- Flowers regular, not racemose ; petals reduced to inconspicuous nectaries or slender or none ; 



sepals tardily deciduous. 



++ Follicles separate. 



10. Isopyrum. Petals (in ours) none. Sepals broad, white. Pods few. Leaves compound. 



11. Caltha. Petals none. Sepals broad, yellow. Leaves kidney-shaped, undivided. 



12. Trollius. Petals 5-20, narrow, pitted above the base. Pods sessile. Leaves palmately lobed. 



13. Coptis. Petals 5-6, small, hollowed at apex, white. Pods long-stalked. Leaves radical, 



trifoliolate. 



14. Helleborus. Petals small, tubular, 2-lipped. Sepals 5, broad, persistent and turning green. 



Pods sessile. 



15. Eranthis. Petals merely small 2-lipped nectaries. Sepals 5-8, narrow, deciduous. Flower 



solitary, involucrate. 



M- ++ Follicles connate. 



16. Nigella. Petals small, nnguiculate, the blade bifid. Sepals 5, regular, petaloid, deciduous. 



+- + Sepals and large spur- shaped petals regular, each 5. 



17. Aquilegia. Pistils 5, with slender styles. Leaves ternately compound. 



-i- -t- *- Flowers unsymmetrical and irregular; sepals 5. 



18. Delphinium. Upper sepal spurred. Petals 4, of two forms ; the upper pair with long spurs, 



inclosed in the spur of the calyx. 



19. Aconitum. Upper sepal hooded, covering the two long-clawed small petals. 



*-*-*-+- Flowers regular, racemose ; sepals caducous ; petals very small, stamen-like, or none ; 



leaves decompound. 



20. Cimicifuga. Flowers in long often paniculate racemes. Pistils 1-8, becoming many-seeded 



pods. 



21. Actaea. Flowers in a single short raceme. Pistil forming a many-seeded berry. 



* * Ovules a single pair ; flowers regular ; rootstocks yellow and bitter. 



22. Hydrastis. Flowers solitary. Sepals 8, petal-like, caducous. Petalsnone. Stamens numer- 



ous. Pistils several, becoming 2-seeded berries. Leaves simple, lobed. 



2". Zanthorhiza. Flowers in compound racemes. Sepals 5. Petals 5, small, 2-lobed, with 

 claws. Stamens 5-10. Pods 1-seeded. Shrub with pinnate leaves. 



