CRUCIFEHAE (MUSTARD FAMILY) 435 



6-9 mm. long; petals 1-1.8 cm. long. N. J. and Pa. to Ky., and southw. 



Apr., May. 



5. D. laciniata Muhl. Tubers deep-seated; stems pubescent above; routine. 



leaves 3, wtiorled or nearly so, the lateral leaflets deeply cleft, glabrous or 

 pubescent, the segments linear to narrowly oblong, 

 conspicuously gash-toothed ; basal leaves, when present, 

 similar ; flowers white or purplish ; calyx 6-9 mm. 

 long ; petals 1-2 cm. long. Hich damp woods, w. 

 Que. and Vt. to Minn., and southw. Apr., early May. 

 FIG. 768. Var. JNTEGRA (Schulz) Fernald. Leaves 

 strictly- ternate, the lateral leaflets entire or slightly 

 toothed, not cleft. N. Y. to 111. 



6. D. anomala Eames. Rootstock with pronounced 

 constrictions between the fusiform tuber-like annual 

 segments, deep-seated ; stems somewhat pubescent ; 

 76S. D. laciniata. leaves 3-foliolate, pubescent on both surfaces ; the 



Cauline leaves and tubers x y 4 . cauline 2 (rarely 3), sicbopposite, their leaflets 2-5.6 

 cm. long, short-petiolulate, ovate to rhombic, coarsely 



and irregularly dentate or even incised or cleft ; basal leaves, when present, 



similar ; flowers white, tinged with purplish ; sepals 3-4 mm. long ; petals 1-1 .'J 



cm. long. Hich moist woods, Plainville, Ct. (Bissell). May. Perhaps a 



hybrid of nos. 1 and 5, with which it grows. 



30. CARDAMINE [Tourn.] L. BITTER CRESS. 



Pod linear, flattened, usually opening elastically from the base ; the valves 

 nerveless and veinless, or nearly so ; placentae and partition thick. Seeds in 

 a single row in each cell, wingless ; the funiculus slender. Cotyledons accum- 

 bent, flattened, equal or nearly so, petiolate. Mostly glabrous perennials, 

 leafy-stemmed, growing along watercourses and in wet places. Flowers white 

 or purple. (A Greek name, used by Dioscorides for some cress, from its cordial 

 or cardiacal qualities.) 



* Simple-leaved perennials with tuberous base. 



1. C. bulbbsa (Schreb.) BSP. (SPRING CRESS.) Stems upright from a 

 tuberous base and slender rootstock bearing small tubers, simple, or rarely 

 forking, glabrous, in anthesis 1.5-5 dm. high; root-leaves oblong to cordate- 

 ovate, stem-leaves 5-8, scattered, the lower ovate or oblong and somewhat 

 petioled, the upper sessile, almost lanceolate, all often toothed ; sepals greenish, 

 with white margin; petals white, 7-12 mm. long ; pods linear-lanceolate, pointed 

 with a slender style tipped by a conspicuous stigma; seeds oval. (C. rhom- 

 boidea DC.) Wet meadows and springs, e. Mass, to Minn., and southw. 

 May, June. 



2. C. Douglassii (Torr.) Britton. Similar; stem usually somewhat pubes- 

 cent, in anthesis 1-2.5 dm. high; rooMeaves orbicular or suborbicular ; *(>),>- 

 leaves 2-6, the upper border (ovate to oblong) , more or less approximate ; sepals 

 purple-tinged ; petals rose-purple, 1-1.8 cm. long. ( C. rhomboidea, var. purpurea 

 Torr.) Rich low woods, Ct. to s. Ont. and Wise., s. to Md. and Ky. Apr., 

 early May. 



* * Fibrous-rooted perennials with l-3-foliolate leaves; southern. 



3. C. rotundifolia Michx. (MOUNTAIN WATER CRESS.) Stems branching, 

 weak or decumbent, making long runners ; root fibrous ; leaves all much alike, 

 roundish, somewhat angled, often heart-shaped at the base, petioled ; pods 

 small, liuear-awl-shaped, equaled or exceeded by the pedicels ; style slender ; 

 seeds oval-oblong. Cool shaded springs, Carrollton, N. Y. (Peck) and Middle- 

 town, N. J. ( Willis) to Ky., and southw. along the mts. May, June. Flowers 

 white, smaller than in no. 1. 



4. C. Clematitis Shuttlw. Glabrous and lax, with slender rootstock; small 

 radical leaves kidney- or heart-shaped, with or without a pair of smaller lateral 



