CRUCIFEKAE (MUSTARD FAMILY) 437 



or entire ; petals white, much longer than the yellowish calyx ; pods long and 

 slender, flat, ascending or spreading; style slender, 0.8 nun. long. On rocks 

 or sandy shores, w. N. K. to Man., and southw. Apr.-July. Usually biennial, 

 but southw. decidedly perennial. Var. OCCIDENTA.LIS Wats. Stigma sessile or 

 on a very short thick style (0.6 mm. or less in length). Point Pelee, u. shore 

 of L. Erie ; Rocky Mts. to Alaska. (Kamchatka.) 



2. A. dentata T. & G. Roughish-pubescent, slender ; leaves oblong, very ob- 

 tuse, unequally and sharply toothed ; those of the stem numerous, half-clasping 

 and auricled, of the base broader and tapering into a short petiole ; petals 

 (whitish) scarcely exceeding the calyx ; pods widely spreading, very slonii r. 

 short-stalked; style scarcely any. N. Y. to Minn., Neb., and southw. May, 

 June. 



3. A. gl&bra (L.) Bernh. (TOWER MUSTARD.) Tall (6-12 dm. high), glau- 

 cous ; stem-leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate, entire ; petals yellowish white, little 

 longer than the calyx ; pods very narrow (8 cm. long) and pedicels strictly erect ; 

 seeds marginless ; cotyledons often oblique. (A. perfoliata Lain.) Rocks and 

 fields, N. B. to B. C., s. to N. J., Pa., Great Lake region, S. Dak., Utah and 

 Cal. May-July. (Eu.) 



2. TURRtTIS [Dill.] Gaudin. Seeds not so broad as the partition, in two 

 more or less distinct rows in each cell, at least when young ; strict and very 

 leafy-stemmed biennials ; cauline leaves partly clasping by a sagittate base. 



Calyx essentially glabrous ; pods erect or loosely spreading. 



Pubescence of the basal rosettes none or sparse and of simple or of 2- 



pointed hairs attached by the middle 4. A. Drummondi. 



Pubescence of the basal rosettes dense, stellate 5. A-brachycurpa. 



Calyx stellate-pubescent ; pods deflexed or pendulous 6. A. ffolboellii. 



4. A. Drumm6ndi Gray. Nearly glabrous, somewhat glaucous, 3-9 dm. high ; 

 stem-leaves oblong or narrowly lanceolate, the basal spatulate-lanceolate; pods 

 straightish, 3.5-10 cm. long, 1.3-2.3 mm. broad. (A conflnis Wats., in great 

 part.) Rocky places, e. Que. to B.C., s. to N. S. r s. N. E., N. Y., O., 111., 

 Utah, and Ore. 



Var. connxa (Greene) Fernald. Stout ; pods 3-3.3 mm. wide. Riviere du 

 Loup, Que. ; and mts. of w. N. A. 



5. A. brachycarpa (T. & G.) Britton. Similar in stature and habit; basal 

 leaves densely pubescent with 3-pointed hairs, the cauline glabrous ; pedicels 

 widely spreading ; pods 1.7-9 cm. long, 1-2 mm. broad, widely spreading. (A. 

 confinis Wats., in part ; Turritis brachycarpa T. & G.) Sandy woods, rocky 

 banks, etc., e. Que. to Sask. and Assina., s. to N. B., n. Vt., N. Y., Great Lake 

 region, Col., etc. 



6. A. Holbo611ii Hornem. Stems 1-several, 2-9 dm. high, leafy, somewhat 

 closely stellate-pubescent at the base, glabrous or glabrate above ; pedicels soon 

 deflexed; petals pink or pinkish, 7-10 mm. long; pods 4-8 cm. long, l.f>-2.5 

 mm. broad, blunt, secund and strongly deflexed. Rocky (calcareous) or sandy 

 places, e. Que. ; Thunder Bay, L. Huron ( \Vheeler) to the mts. of B. C. and Cal. 

 (Greenl.) 



3. ARABIS proper. Seeds in one row in each cell, orbicular or nearly so, 

 more or less wing-margined ; cotyledons strictly accumbent. 



* Low, chiefly biennials, diffuse or spreading from the base. 



1. A. virginica (L.) Trel. Nearly glabrous, often annual; leaves all pin- 

 nately parted into oblong or linear few-toothed or entire divisions, those of the 

 lower leaves numerous ; pedicels very short ; flowers small, white ; pods rather 

 broadly linear, spreading, flat; seeds winged. (.4. ludoviciana Mey.) Open 

 ground, Va. to Kan., and southw. Mar.-May. 



* * Erect leafy-stemmed biennials, with simple leaves, white or whitish flowers, 

 narrow but flattened ascending or erect pods, and nearly icingless seeds. 



8. A. patens Sulliv. Downy with spreading hairs, erect (3-6 dm. high); 

 stem-leaves oblong-ovate, acutish, coarsely toothed or the uppermost entire, 



