438 CAPP ARID ACE AE (CAPER FAMILY) 



partly clasping by the heart-shaped base ; petals (bright white, 8 mm. long) the 

 length of the calyx; pedicels slender, spreading; pods spreading or ascending, 

 tipped with a distinct style. Pa. to Minn, and southw. Apr., May. 



9. A. hirsute (L.) Scop. Rough-hairy, sometimes smoothish, strictly erect ; 

 stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire or toothed, partly clasping by a some- 

 what arrow-shaped or heart-shaped base ; petals (greenish white) small, but 

 longer than the calyx; pedicels and pods strictly upright; style scarcely any; 

 immature seeds somewhat 2-rowed. Gravelly shores and calcareous rocks, 

 especially northw. May, June. (Eu.) 



* * * Erect leafy-stemmed biennials (3-9 dm. high), with small whitish flowers, 

 recuroed-spreading or pendulous flat pods (7-10 cm. long), and broadly 

 winged seeds, the funiculus adherent to the partition; root-leaves rarely 

 lyrate. 



10. A. laevigata (Muhl.) Poir. Smooth and glaucous, upright ; stem-leaves 

 partly clasping by the arrow-shaped base, lanceolate or linear, mostly toothed, 

 sometimes (var. LACINIATA T. & G.) incised ; petals scarcely longer than the 

 calyx ; pods long and narrow, recurved-spreading on ascending or merely 

 spreading pedicels. Rocky places, w. Me. to S. Dak. and southw. May. 



Var. Burkii Porter. Leaves narrower, those of the stem essentially entire, 

 not auricled at the base. Dry hills, Pa. to Va. 



11. A. canad6nsis L. (SICKLE-POD.) Stem upright, smooth above ; stem- 

 leaves pubescent, pointed at both ends, oblong-lanceolate, sessile, the lower 

 toothed ; petals twice the length of the calyx, oblong-linear ; pods very flat, 

 scythe-shaped (4 mm. wide), hanging on rough-hairy pedicels. Rocky woods 

 and ravines, e. Mass, and Vt. to Ont., and southw. June- Aug. 



CAPPARIDACEAE (CAPER FAMILY) 



Herbs (when in northern regions) with cruciform flowers, but 6 or more not 

 tetradynamous stamens, a l-celled pod tcith 2 parietal placentae, and kidney- 

 shaped seeds. Pod as in Cruciferae, but with no partition ; seeds similar, but 

 the embryo coiled rather than folded. Leaves alternate, mostly palmate. Often 

 with the acrid or pungent qualities of Cruciferae (as in capers, the flower-buds 

 of Capparis spinosa). 



* Pod sessile or short-stiped ; stamens 6-00. 



1. Polanisia. Petals subequal, emarginate. 



* * Pod long-stlped ; stamens 6. 



2. Cleome. Stamens 6. Pod linear, many-seeded, long-stipitate. 



1. POLANfSIA Raf. 



Petals with claws, notched at the apex. Stamens 8-32, unequal. Receptacle 

 not elongated, bearing a gland behind the base of the ovary. Pod linear or 

 oblong, veiny, turgid, many-seeded. Fetid annuals, with glandular or clammy 

 hairs. Flowers in leafy racemes. (Name from TTO\V-, many, and tfcuros, unequal, 

 points in which the genus differs in its stamens from Cleome.*) 



1. P. gravSolens Haf. Leaves with 3 oblong leaflets; stamens about 11, 

 scarcely exceeding the petals; style short; pod slightly stipitate. Gravelly 

 shores and banks, w. Que. to Chesapeake Bay, and westw. June-Aug. 

 Flowers small (4-6 mm. long) ; calyx and filaments purplish ; petals yellowish 

 white. 



2. P. trachysp6rma T. & G. Flowers larger (8-10 mm. long); the stamens 

 (12-16) long-exserted ; style 4-6 mm. long ; pod sessile ; seeds usually rough. 

 la. to Kan., southw. and westw.; also by a stream, Salisbury, Ct. (Mrs. Phelps, 

 Weatherby) , where probably introduced. 



