ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 485 



2. F. ULM\RIA (L.) Maxim. (QUEEN OF THE MEADOW.) Leaves canescent- 

 tomentose beneath ; terminal leaflet 3-5-lobed, lobes ovate, doubly serrate ; the 

 lateral leaflets mostly unlobed ; petals white. (Spiraea L. ; Ulmaria Barnhart.) 



Commonly cultivated ; established at several places in N. E. and Que. July. 

 (Introd. from Eurasia.) 



17. GEUM L. AVENS 



Calyx bell-shaped or flattish, deeply 6-cleft, usually with 6 small bractlets at 

 the sinuses. Petals 5. Stamens many. Achenes numerous, heaped on a coni- 

 cal or cylindrical dry receptacle, the long persistent styles forming hairy or 

 naked and straight or jointed tails. Seed erect; radicle inferior. Perennial 

 herbs, with pinnate or lyrate leaves. (A plant name used by Pliny.) 



1. EUGEUM T. & G. Styles jointed and bent near the middle, the upper 

 part deciduous and mostly hairy, the lower naked and hooked, becoming 

 elongated ; head of fruit sessile in the calyx ; calyx-lobes rejlexed. 



* Petals white or pale greenish-yellow, small, spat ulate or oblong ; stipules small. 



-- Receptacle of the fruit densely hairy. 



1. G. canad6nse Jacq. Stem (0.6-1.1 m. high) and petioles sparingly hairy ; 

 leaves soft-pubescent beneath or glabrate, the basal of 3-6 leaflets or undivided, 

 those of the stem mostly 3-divided or -lobed, rather sharply toothed ; stipules 

 ovate-oblong, 1-1.6 cm. long, subentire; petals white. (G. album J. F. Giuel.) 



Borders of woods, etc., widely distributed. 



2. G. flavum (Porter) Bicknell. Stem and petioles hirsute. ; leaves much as 

 in the preceding but more bluntly toothed ; stipules ovate or obovate, usually 

 about 2 cm. long, conspicuously cleft; petals greenish-yellow. Dry woods, Ct. 

 to O. and Va. 



->- *- Receptacle of the fruit glabrous or nearly so. 



3. G. virginianum L. Bristly-hairy, especially the stout stem; lower and 

 root-leaves pinnate, very various, the upper mostly 3-parted or divided, incised ; 

 petals inconspicuous, shorter than the calyx ; heads of fruit larger, the short 

 stout peduncles hirsute with reflexed hairs ; receptacle glabrous or nearly so. 

 Borders of woods and low grounds ; common. June-Aug. 



* * Petals golden-yellow, conspicuous, broadly obovate, exceeding the calyx ; 



stipules larger and all deeply cut. 



- Terminal segment of leaves suborbicular, finely crenate-dentate. 



4. G. macrophyllum Willd. Bristly-hairy, stout, 3-9 dm. high ; root-leaves 

 lyrately and interruptedly pinnate, with the terminal leaflet very large and round- 

 heart-shaped ; lateral leaflets of the stem-leaves 2-4, minute, the terminal round- 

 ish, 3-cleft, the lobes wedge-form and rounded; receptacle nearly naked. Rich 

 soil, Nfd. to Alaska, s. to mts. of n. N. E. and N. Y., Mich., n. Wise., Minn., 

 Col., and Cal. (N. E. Asia.) 



- - Terminal segment of leaves cuneate-obovate or oblanceolate. 

 *+ Leaves incisely toothed ; body of ripe achene 1-2 mm. long. 



6. G. strictum Ait. Somewhat hairy, 9-16 dm. high; root-leaves inter- 

 ruptedly pinnate, the leaflets wedge-obovate ; leaflets of the stem-leaves 3-6, 

 rhombic-ovate or oblong, acute ; receptacle downy. Moist meadows, thickets, 

 etc., Nfd. to B. C., s. to N. J., Pa., 111., Mo., and N. Mex. July, Aug. (Asia.) 



** *+ Leaves bluntly toothed; body of ripe achene 4-5 mm. long. 



Q. G. URBXNL'M L. Smoothish, loosely branched ; segments of stem-leaves 

 mostly rhombic-obovate ; petals yellow, about equaling the calyx. Established 

 in Cambridge, Mass. (Adv. from Eu.) 



