ERICACEAE (HEATH FAMILY) 641 



1.5-3 cm. broad, sharply and closely serrulate, bright green, nearly smooth ; 

 border of the calyx almost entire ; corolla depressed-globular, rather large ; ber- 

 ries large, black, rather acid. (V. myrtilloides Man. ed. 6, not Michx.) 

 Damp woods, L. Superior, and northwestw. Pedicels 5-15 mm. long, drooping 

 in flower, erect in fruit. 



15. V. ovalifdlium Sm. Similar, straggling, 5-15 dm. high ; leaves elliptical, 

 obtuse, nearly entire, pale, mostly glaucous beneath, smooth ; corolla ovoid ; 

 berries blue. Low woods and mountain slopes, Lab. to Alaska, s. to Nfd., 

 e. Que., n. Mich., and Ore. 



4. VlTIS-IDAEA [Tourn.] Koch. Corona, berry, etc., as in 3 ; filaments 

 hairy ; anthers awnless; leaves coriaceous and persistent; flowers in clus- 

 ters from separate buds, 4-merous (in our species'); mostly glabrous. 



16. V. Vitis-Idaea L. (COWBERRY, FOXBERRY.) Low (1-2.5 dm. high); 

 branches erect from tufted creeping stems ; leaves obovate with revolute mar- 

 gins, dark green, smooth and shining above, dotted with blackish bristly points 

 underneath, 1.5-3 cm. long, 7-16 mm. broad ; corolla bell-shaped, 4-cleft, white 

 or pink : berries dark red, acid and rather bitter, edible when cooked. ( Vitis- 

 Idaea Britton.) Eu. Represented with us by 



Var. minus Lodd. (MOUNTAIN or ROCK CRANBERRY.) Dwarf, forming close 

 or loose mats 2-10 (rarely even 20) cm. high ; leaves very thick and coriaceous, 

 5-18 mm. long, 4-9 mm. broad ; corolla rose-pink or red. Dry or rocky banks, 

 rarely wet moss, Arctic Am., s. to the mts. of Me., N. H., and Vt, L. Superior, 

 etc.; and along the coast to Cape Ann, Mass. (Greenl., e. Asia.) 



5. OXYC6CCOS [Tourn.] Hook. Corolla deeply 4-parted or -cleft, with linear 

 reflexed lobes; anthers exserted, awnless, with very long terminal tubes; 

 berry ^-celled; flowers axillary or terminal, nodding on long filiform pedicels. 



* Stem upright and leaves deciduous, as in common Blueberries; flowers axil- 



lary and solitary ; corolla deeply 4-cleft; berries light red, turning purple, 

 insipid. 



17. V. erythrocarpuin Michx. Smooth, divergently branched, 3-18 dm. 

 high ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, taper-pointed, bristly-serrate, thin. (Oxycoccus 

 Pers.) Damp woods, higher AUeghenies, Va. to Ga. July. 



* * Stems very slender, creeping or trailing ; leaves small, entire, whitened be- 



neath, evergreen; pedicels erect, the pale rose-colored flower nodding ; corolla 

 ^-parted ; berries red, acid. CRANBERRIES. 



18. V. Oxycoccos L. (SMALL CRANBERRY.) Stems very slender, the branches 

 almost capillary, erect or ascending ; leaves oblong or ovate, 3-8 mm. long, 1-3 

 mm. brbad, strongly revolute, becoming narrowly triangular in outline, con- 

 spicuously whitened beneath; pedicels 1-4, springing from a terminal (rarely 

 proliferating) short rhachis (at most 3 or 4 mm. long), and bearing near or 

 below the middle 2 lanceolate or lance-ovate often involute colored bractlets 

 (1-2.5 mm. long); corolla-segments 5-6 mm. long; filaments \ as long as the 

 anthers; berry 6-8 mm. in diameter. (Oxycoccus MacM.; O. palustris Pers.) 

 In sphagnum and wet humus, Arctic Am., s. to Pa., Mich., and Wise. (Eurasia.) 

 Var. INTERMEDIUM Gray. Coarse* ; leaves 6.5-15 mm. long, 3-6.5 mm. broad, 

 acute or obtuse, only slightly revolute ; pedicels 2-10, from a longer (often 5-10 

 mm. long) rhachis; corolla-segments 6-8 mm. long; berry 8-10 mm. in diam- 

 eter. Nfd. to B. C., s. to Mich., and in the mts. to N. C. (Asia.) 



19. V. macrocarpon Ait. (LARGE or AMERICAN CRANBERRY.) Stems com- 

 paratively stout, elongated, the flowering branches ascending ; leaves oblong- 

 elliptic, blunt or rounded at tip, 6-17 mm] long, 2-8 mm. broad, pale or slightly 

 whitened beneath, flat or slightly revolute ; pedicels 1-10, springing from an 

 elongated (1-3 cm. long) rhachis which is terminated by a long leafy shoot, and 

 bearing toward the tip 2 flat leaf-like bractlets (4-10 mm. long); corolla-segments 

 6-10 mm. "long ; filaments scarcely 1 the length of the anthers ; berry 1-2 cm. 

 in diameter. (Orycoccus Pers.) Open bogs, s wimps, and wet shores, Nfd. to 

 I.. Erie, w. Wise., and south w. to W. Va. and Ark., mostly northeastw. 



CRAY'S MANUAL 41 



