728 SCROPHULARIACEAE (FIGWORT FAMILY) 



i- - Leaves opposite ; flowers in a terminal raceme ; the lower bracts leaf-like ; 

 capsules flat, several-seeded; perennials, mostly turning blackish in drying. 



11. V. alpina L., var. unalaschcensis C. & S. Steins tufted, erect, simple, 

 1-3 dm. high ; leaves elliptical, or the lowest rounded, entire or toothed, nearly 

 sessile; raceme hairy, few-flowered, crowded; capsule obovate, notched. (F". 

 Wormskjoldi R. & S.) By alpine brooks, Que., Me., N. H., and northw. July, 

 Aug. (Eurasia.) 



12. V. serpyllifdlia L. (THYME-LEAVED S.) Much branched at the creeping 

 base, nearly smooth ; branches ascending and simple, 0.5-2 dm. high ; leaves 

 ovate or oblong, obscurely crenate, 1.5 cm. or less long, the lowest petioled and 

 rounded, the upper passing into lanceolate bracts ; raceme loose, the rhachis 

 and pedicels appressed-puberulent ; corolla 3-4 mm. broad, whitish or pale blue, 

 with deeper stripes ; capsule rounded, broader than long, obtusely notched, 3-4 

 mm. broad. Damp grassy ground, Nfd. to Ont., and south w. ; both indigenous 

 and introduced. May-July. (Eurasia.) 



13. V. humifusa Dickson. Stouter, 2-4 dm. high; leaves 1-2.5 cm. long; 

 rhachis and pedicels pubescent with spreading viscid or gland-tipped hairs; 

 corolla 0.5-1 cm. broad, deep blue ; capsule 4-6 mm. broad. ( V. serpyllifolia, 

 var. borealis Laestad.) Springy places, Lab. and Nfd. to N. B., n. N. E., and 

 N. Y.; Rocky Mts., etc. (Eu.) 



--- Annuals; floral leaves like those of the stem {or somewhat reduced) , 

 the flowers appearing to be axillary and solitary, mostly alternate ; corolla 

 shorter than the calyx (except in no. 17). 



++ Flowers short-pediceled ; floral leaves reduced. 



14. V. peregrina L. (NECKWEED, PURSLANE S.) Glandular-puberulent 01 

 nearly smooth, erect, 1-3 dm. high, branched ; lowest leaves petioled, oval- 

 oblong, toothed, thickish, the others sessile, obtuse ; the upper oblong-linear 

 and entire, longer than the almost sessile whitish flowers ; capsule orbicular, 

 slightly notched, many-seeded. Waste and cultivated grounds, in damp soil, 

 N. B. to Fla., and across the continent. Apr.-Oct. (Eu.) 



15. V. ARVENSIS L. (CORNS.) Simple or diffusely branched, 0.5-4 dm. high, 

 hairy ; lower leaves petioled, ovate, crenate ; the uppermost sessile, lanceolate, 

 entire ; capsule inversely heart-shaped, the lobes rounded. Cultivated grounds, 

 N. S. to B. C., and southw.; in N. E. and Pa. often in rocky woods as if indige- 

 nous ; rather rare. (Nat. from Eu.) 



++ -n- Flowers long-pediceled in axils of ordinary leaves ; seeds cup-shaped. 



16. V. AGRESTIS L. (FIELDS.) Leaves round or ovate, crenate-toothed, the 

 floral somewhat similar ; calyx-lobes oblong ; flowers small; ovary many-ovuled, 

 but the nearly orbicular and sharply notched capsule 1-2-seeded. Sandy fields, 

 in the Maritime Provinces of Canada, and from the Middle States southw., 

 chiefly near the coast, local. (Adv. from Eu.) 



17. V. TOURNEFORTII C. C. Gmel. Leaves round or heart-ovate, crenately cut- 

 toothed, 1-2.5 cm. long ; flowers large, 1 cm. wide, blue ; calyx -lobes lanceolate, 

 widely spreading in fruit; capsule obcordate-triangular, broadly notched, 10-iM- 

 seeded. ( V. Buxbaumii Tenore ; V. byzantina BSP.) Waste grounds, e. 

 Que. to Ont., O., and N. Y. (Adv. from Eu.) 



18. V. HEDERAEFOLIA L. (IVY-LEAVED S.) Leaves rounded or heart-shaped, 

 3-7-toothed or -lobed , calyx-lobes somewhat heart-shaped ; flowers small ; cap- 

 sule turgid, 2-lobed, 2-4-seeded. Shaded places, N. Y. to N. C. Apr. -June. 

 (Adv. from Eu.) 



18. SYNTHYRIS Benth. 



Stamens inserted just below the upper sinuses, occasionally with another pair 

 from the other sinuses, exserted ; anther-cells not confluent. Style slender : 

 stigma simple. Capsule flattened, rounded, obtuse or notched, 2-celled (rarely 

 3-lobed and 3-celled), many-seeded, loculicidal ; the valves cohering below with 

 the axis. Perennial herbs, with the simple stems beset with partly clasping 



