SCROl'HULARIACEAK (FI<;\VOUT FAMILY) 733 



pointed at base. Capsule 1-4-seeded. Erect branching annuals, with opposite 

 leaves, the lower entire, the upper mostly toothed at base. Flowers solitary in 

 the upper axils. (Name from fd\as, black, and wvpfa, wheat ; from the color of 

 the seeds of some species.) 



1. M. lineare Lam. Leaves linear-lanceolate to narrow-ovate, short-petio'.ed, 

 the floral ones like the lower, or truncate at base and beset with a few bristly 

 teeth ; calyx-teeth not half the length of the slender tube of the pale greenish- 

 yellow or purplish corolla (1 cm. long); seeds white. (M. americanum Michx. ; 

 .)/. I iili folium Muhl.) Open woods, N. S. and Que. to B. C., s. to Ga., Tenn., 

 and la. June-Sept. 



25. EUPHRASIA [Tourn.] L. EYEBRIGHT 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla erect, scarcely 

 arched, 2-lobed, and the sides folded back ; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the lobes 

 obtuse or notched. Anther-cells pointed at the base. Capsule flattened. 

 Herbs, with opposite toothed or cut leaves. Flowers small, spiked. (Name 

 fixppaffla, cheerfulness, in allusion to its reputed medicinal properties.) 



* Flowers very small, borne in a compact leafy head or very short subcapitate. 



raceme; stems filiform, normally simple; corolla dorsally 3-4 mm. long ; 

 dwarf arctic-alpine species. 



1. E. Oakdsii Wettst. Leaves ovate-orbicular, bluntly sinuate-toothed, gray- 

 ish-pubescent beneath ; corolla white or nearly so, with purple or violet veins and 

 yellow eye. Open stony ground, White Mts. of N. H., near Mt. Monroe and 

 at the head of Oakes Gulf ; Mt. Katahdin, Me. 



2. E. Willidmsii Robinson. Leaves much as in the preceding but green and 

 glabrous except near the margin ; corolla brownish-purple, with deeper colored 

 veins and yellow eye. Slopes of Mt. Washington, N. H., from the "Alpine 

 Garden" to "Cape Horn." 



* * Flowers small (corolla 3-4 mm. long dorsally), borne in open racemes; 



stems usually branched. 



3. E. Randii Robinson. Leaves ovate to flabelliform, bluntly 9-11-toothed, 

 finely pubescent upon both surfaces ; corolla varying from deep violet to roseate 

 or cream-colored, with violet veins and yellow eye. In humus and damp spots, 

 along the coast, Nfd. and e. Que. to Knox Co., Me. (8. Plaisted). 



Var. Farlbwii Robinson has smaller grayish-pubescent 5-7-toothed leaves 

 (only 2-4 mm. long). Dry crests of sea-cliffs, Nfd.; Dog I., Eastport, Me. 



*** Flowers larger; corolla dorsally 5-7 mm. long, white, with lavender or 

 purple veins and yellow eye. 



4. E. drctica Lange. Simple or branched, 4-12 cm. or more in height ; leaves 

 conspicuously pubescent upon both surfaces, the cauline ovate, rather bluntly 

 toothed, the floral flabelliform, more sharply toothed ; corolla with pale lavender 

 veins, the lobes of the lower lip nearly parallel. (E. latifolia Pursh, as to 

 plant, but not as to name-bringing synonym ; E. hirtella Robinson, not Jord.) 

 Calcareous soil, Lab. to n. Me., L. Superior, and Arctic Am. 



5. E. americana Wettst. Simple or more often with elongated strongly as- 

 cending branches, 1-3 dm. tall, flowering for the most part above the middle; 

 leaves essentially glabrous, the larger 8-14 mm. long, the lateral teeth awn- 

 pointed ; bracts about 7-toothed ; calyx usually purple-nerved ; corolla relatively 

 large and showy, 8 mm. long, somewhat suffused with purple or crimson and 

 marked wsith deep purple lines, the lateral lobes of the lower lip strongly diver- 

 gent. Damp open places, Nfd. and e. Que., along the coast to Lincoln Co., Me. 



6. E. canadensis Townsend. Similar, usually smaller and more diffuse, 

 mostly flowering from below the middle, the elongated spikes dense ; larger 

 leaves 4-9 mm. long ; bracts 9-11-toothed, the teeth setose-tipped ; calyx green, 

 the teeth aristate ; corolla 0-7 mm. long, white, with bluish or lavender veins 

 and yellow eye. (E. americana, var. Robinson.) Dry grassy or rocky places, 

 from the lower St. Lawrence to N. S., e. Me., and n. N. H. 



