i6o 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



mw>im^ p^AWE^, 



Apple Aphis. 



1278. Sir, — Enclosed please find cuttings from 

 apple trets containing sample of insects on apple 

 bark, also peach wood showing puncture cf bark. 

 Please give us information on these insects. The 

 apple insect is a new discovery here. a. "What in- 

 jury does it do to the apple tree? b. What is the 

 rtmedy, when applied? c. Formula for applica- 

 tion? This information will be thankfully re- 

 ceived. The appearance is like a flea, my glass 

 shows it about as large. The indication of the 

 bark would seem to be the eating into the cambium 

 and following it round the limb. Your reply will 

 very much fav^or, yours truly, W. C. Webster. 



The minute, oval shining' objects seen by 

 Mr. Webster in the scars on his apple and 

 pear twigs are the eggs of the green apple 

 aphis, or louse. The lice hatch from the 

 eggs about the same time the foliage appears 

 and suck the juices from the leaves, causing 

 them to curl. Frequently the tender tips of 

 the shoots are killed, and the young fruit is 

 so checked in its growth that it never ripens. 

 The lice multiply rapidly, and often much 

 harm is done ; but if a thorough spraying is 

 made immediately after they hatch from the 

 eg"gs, i. e., as the buds are opening, very 

 benefi::ial results will be gained. The stan- 

 dard applications are: i. Whale-oil soap 

 (i lb. to 2 gallons of hot water) ; 2. Kero- 

 sene emulsion (i part emulsion, 12 parts 

 water) ; 3. Tobacco solution (i lb. to 6 gal- 

 lons of water) ; 4. Tobacco and whale-oil 

 soap solution. Paris green applications are 

 of no value. 



The punctures on the pear trees are made 

 by the tree-cricket, which does so much 

 damage to raspberry canes. 



The little clusters of eggs on the speci- 

 mens sent belong- to the Fall canker-worm. 



Some of the scars on the twigs may have 

 been caused by the Buffalo tree-hopper 



about which I wrote a few notes in 

 last year's Canadian Horticulturist. The 

 best treatment is to remove and burn all 

 affected twigs during the pruning season, as 

 the eggs will then be destroyed. 



The Lime Washes. 



1279. Sir, — I am somewhat puzzled about the 

 best time for application of lime wash to trees, after 

 comparing Mr. G. E. Fisher's statements in the 

 February Horticulturist wiih what Proftssor Ma- 

 coun has found so beneficial. Mr. Fisher, speaking 

 of the lime and sulphur and salt preparation, advises 

 thatthefirstsprayingbedonein April, aslatess pos- 

 sible before the opening of the buds;- while Professor 

 Macoun on page 57 cf same number says — "The 

 mixture (lime and salt) should be applied in the 

 autumn or early winter." Now is there any 

 material difference between the two spraying mix- 

 tures? Does the boiling with sulphur destroy ;he 

 caustic propeities of the lime? At the annual 

 meeting our Association (P. E. I.) different mem- 

 beis spoke of the successful application of lime 

 wash in midwinter, as suggested by Professor Mac- 

 oun, to retard blooming and destroy the oyster- 

 shell bark louse. Has anyone used the spray cf 

 which Mr. Fisher speaks as a winter application ? 

 and why. if they are so nearly similar, does one 

 doctor give his medicine in winter exclusively, 

 while the other does his work in summer? 



I value the Horticulturist very highlj-, and note 

 steady impiovement. I thank you for marking my 

 copy " complimentary " last year though I had 

 paid for it with my annual fee to our Provincial 

 organization. We expect to accomplish something 

 more than usual in our Association this vear as we 

 have efficient officers in Messrs. A. E. Burke and 

 Dewar for President and Secretary. I fear th^t 

 Diagram 2242 would not help Professor Hutt very 

 much in his explanation of sap circulation ; it was 

 a puzzle to me until I noticed the roots .were up- 

 wards. Yours truly, 



Jeremiah S. Clark, 

 Bay Views, P. E. I., Feb. 22. 



These mixtures are totally different. Prof. 

 Macoun's was simply to retard the bloom in 

 spring and may be applied in winter, while 

 Mr. Fisher's is a fungicide and insecticide 



