APPLE SCAB. 



'75 



THE NEED OF HIGH CULTURE. 



WK cannot obtain good fruit that will 

 have shipping and keeping quali- 

 ties from trees that are trying to produce 

 in an impoverished soil. Not only should 

 thorough cultivation be given to soil in or- 

 chards, but the soil may need the application 

 of some fertilizer. If there is a deficiency 

 of mineral elements, fruit will have poor 

 shipping and keeping quality. Light soils 

 are usually deficient in potash and phos- 

 phates, wniie heavy or clay soils ma) 

 have an abundance of these. For this 

 reason apples grown on light soils should 

 be sent to our home markets, while those 

 grown upon clay soil can be shipped with 



greater safety to foreign and distant mar- 

 kets. 



Another very important factor in long 

 keeping of fruit is a perfect and healthy 

 foliage upon trees. It is the function of the 

 foliage to elaborate the food that goes to the 

 building up of vigorous growth of tree and 

 branch, to the development of the fruit bud. 

 If the leaves are eaten and mutilated by in- 

 sects or diseased by fungous attack, there 

 can be only an imperfect development of 

 fruit that will be deficient in color and flavor, 

 that will slack in the box or barrel and will 

 not hold or keep long in the market. 

 New York. Geo. T. Powell. 



APPLES IN STORAGE. 



Mr. Walter Snyder, president National 

 Apple Shippers Association of the United 

 States, states that on the ist of December, 

 1902, there were in cold and common stor- 

 age m the United States 4,364.800 barrels of 



apples, and in Canada 470,000, making a 

 grand total of 4,838,800. Surely the result 

 of the cold storage system will be an even- 

 ing up of the supply during the whole year.' 

 so that the prices will be much more steady. 



APPLE SCAB. 



Sir. — I would like to obtain information from 

 practical experience on the use of Carbonate of 

 Soda for apple scab, also Hyposulphite of Soda. 



1. Whichof these would be the bestand salestto 

 use ? 



2. The quantities to use in solution with water? 



3. Will this injure foliage? 



This information will be very thankfully received 

 through our Horticulturist. 



Stoney Creek. W. C. Wkbster. 



1st. Neither carbonate of soda nor hypo- 

 sulphite of soda are at all reliable remedies 

 for the apple scab. Of the two the hypo- 

 sulphite of soda has the greater fungicidal 

 value, and is a safer solution to use. 



2nd. The carbonate of soda solution, 

 which is sometimes used as an insecticide, 

 but only upon dormant wood against borers 

 and scale insects, is made by dissolving one- 



half pound of washing soda in two gallons 

 of water. It is very probable that by weak- 

 ening the solution the caustic action upon 

 the foliage will be reduced, but I have never' 

 seen it recommended as a fungicide. The 

 hyposulphite of soda solution is made by 

 dissolving one pound in ten to twenty gal- 

 lons of water. This solution has been some- 

 what thoroughly tested with but unsatisfac- 

 tory results. 



3rd. The carbonate of soda (one-half 

 pound to two gallons of water) has a strong 

 caustic action upon leaves, and should be 

 used, as I have before stated, only upon dor- 

 mant wood. The hyposulphite of soda, of 

 the strength given above, is not injurious to 

 the foliage. 

 O. A. C, Guelph. W. Lochhead. 



