1122 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



StPT. 15 



INGS, thinks there is a marked difference; and I 

 have heard bee-kt-epers express great fear that, in 

 buying granulated sugar, they might be buying 

 beet sugar unwittingly. I find in Remson's 

 Chemistry, page 668, under the paragraph " Cane 

 Sugar," "This well-known sugar occurs very 

 widely distributed in nature, in sugar-cane, sor- 

 ghum, the Java palm, the sugar-maple, beets, 

 madder root, coiTee, walnuts, hazelnuts, sweet 

 and bitter almonds; in the blossoms of many 

 plants, etc." 



1 he New International Encyclopedia says, 

 "Cane sugar is found in varying quantities in 

 many plants; but sugar cane, the sugar-beet, the 

 sugar-maple, and various species ot palms, are its 

 only commercially important sources." The 

 American Encyclopedia makes substantially the 

 same statement as to the sources of cane sugar. 

 I notice, however, that the Standard Dictionary 

 says that "Sugar is called according to its source; 

 as, cane sugar, beet sugar, maple sugar, etc. " I 

 have supposed there was chemically no difference 

 between refined sugar, whether its source was su- 

 gar cane or beets or maple-trees. It was all 

 " cane sugar. " . 



It does not necessarily follow that, because two 

 substances are the same chemically, they are in 

 every respect alike. The purest diamond and the 

 blackest carbon may be the same to the chemist. 

 Now, who can tell us just the difference between 

 the refined product ot sugar-cane and sugar-beets.'' 

 Is one less desirable to feed bees for winter than 

 the other, or for any other purpose.? 



Middlebury, Vt. 



BEE-KEEPING IN THE 

 SOUTHWEST 



By Louis Scroll 



A NOTE OF WARNING. 



Samples of foul brood have been sent me from 

 various parts of the country for identification, 

 and no objection arises on this score, although it 

 takes a good deal of time, etc., in correspond- 

 ence. But iifieti combs simply rollen -cvith foul 

 brood are ^wrapped in a single sheet of thin paper, 

 and sent to be identified tvhere other bees may be 

 subjectid to the dread scourge, it is titne to call a 

 halt. Don't do it. Proper directions have ap- 

 peared before for sending samples of foul brood 

 for identification; and even then send none until 

 you have received proper instructions for it. 

 These will be gladly given, and then it may be 

 known when it is to be expected. 



It is against the law to expose other bees to 

 foul broi d, or combs of honey, wax, and even 

 hives and appliances of foul-broody colonies ; 

 and there is a fine for it. Copies of the foul- 

 brood law have been published far and wide, and 

 every bee-keeper ought to take enough interest in 

 this matter, if not to know the law by heart to 

 have at least a copy of it handy for reference. If 

 you have none, write the State Entomologist, 

 College Station, Texas, for one. Also address 

 all matters pertaining to information about foul 

 brood to this office. Our reason for being rath- 

 er particular is largely due to samples received 

 wrapped in thin paper, through which the hatch- 



ing bees had gnawed and were escaping, be- 

 smeared not only with the hi ney from these rot- 

 ten combs, but the juices of the mashed diseased 

 larva?. It is well, therefore, that great care be 

 exercised, and the unnecessary spread of diseases 

 prevented. 



AN APPROPRIATION NEEDED FOR FOUL - BROOD 



INSPECnON. 



As a result of a " foul-brood agitation " at the 

 annual meeting of the Texas Bee-keepers' Associ- 

 ation, at which a committee was appoint d known 

 as the "Legislative Committee,'" active work has 

 been begun. F. L. Aten, of Round Rotk, is 

 chairman, with T. P. Robinson, of Bartlett, and 

 Secretary Louis H. Scholl, vi New Braunfels. as 

 the two other members. This committee will 

 come together from time to time until the meet- 

 ing of the legislature in January, to devise plans 

 for obtaining an annual appropriation of $3000 

 for defraying the expenses of thorough inspec- 

 tion work in bee diseases as per the report heie- 

 with of the committee appointed during the ses- 

 sion of the convention. 



REPORT OF CoSlMITTKE ON FOUL-BROOD LEGISLATION. 



We, your committee, beg to report as follows: That we ask for 

 an annual appropriation of $3000, to be used in the eradication of 

 foul brood and other infectious diseases of bees, to be placed un- 

 der the direction of the State Entomologist in accordance with 

 sections 1 and 2 of the foul-brood law of Texas. 



L. H. Scholl, \ 

 W. O. Victor, f 

 T. P. Robinson, V Com. 

 F. L. Aten, I 



C. E. SsNBORN, ; 



While this sum may not be necessary for an 

 inspector alone, which, however, here in Texas 

 would necessarily be higher than in many States 

 on account of the greater territ jry that must be 

 covered, a portion of it might be very profit;ibly 

 used in the Department of Entomology for f^ ul- 

 brood investigation which is not strictly inspec- 

 tion work. Such work, carried on whenever in- 

 spection can not be done, can be made to aid the 

 inspectors, and should prove profitable to the 

 bee-keepers of the State. 



The real inspection of the bees, wherever nec- 

 essary, and the proper caring for those that need 

 attention, is, of course, the most important. 

 With this in mind, the following letter has been 

 formulated by the association for circulation: 



Brother Bee-keeper: — Foul brood is breaking out in almost eve- 

 ry part of our State. I have hundreds of letters from nonh, cen- 

 tral, east, south, and southwest Texas, asking for help. Foul 

 brood has come to these places, and the apiaries are threatened. 

 Nothing can be done for the bee-keepers, as there is no money 

 to do it with. Your bees are threatened. We need a State in- 

 spector to look after our interests so that they will be protected 

 and saved from destruction. 



We have a foul-brood law, but no money for an inspector. Our 

 association has taken the matter up, and will go before the next 

 legislature to obtain an annual appropriation for carrying out this 

 work. But your help and co-operation will be needed. You 

 need to become stirred up about the matter, and to slir your 

 neighbors up. Every person who has the bee-keeping interests 

 at heart should not fail to do his utmost toward getting this nec- 

 essary app'oprlation from the legislature next January. 



Begin now. We must combat foul brood or suffer. This is a 

 worse scourge than many suppose, becaus* they have had no ex- 

 perience with it. Find out all you can about it. It may save 

 you hundreds of dollars. It may break out in your neighborhood 

 if not already there, and you know nothing about it until too 

 late. So let us all strive for an appropriation, a good inspector, 

 thorough inspection, and save our bees. 



Let me hear from you about this most important matter. Write 

 me if there is or has been any foul brood in your neighborhood. 

 Do not be afraid to do this. It will all be confidential. It wril 

 help me to plan ah'ad and lay out the work for inspecting later, 

 when we get an inspector. Help the association's efforts in this 

 move by being an earnest member and by doing your part by it. 



Texas is now the leading honey-producing State, so let us keep 

 her there. L. H. Scholl, Sec'y Legislative Com. 



