NO. 1124. REVISION OF THE MELANOPLI SC UDDER. 97 



The early use of the term Podisma previous to 1853 and after 1829 

 (other than given above) also sufficiently confirms the appropriateness 

 of restoring Podixma for the species now generally included in Pezotettix; 

 for Fischer de \Valdheim 1 in 1840 used it for six species, of which the 

 first three belong to Pezotettix of modern writers, the next two to 

 Chrysochraon, while the last is not recognizable; von Borck in 1848 2 

 refers to it pedestris and frigida; and finally H. Fischer himself first 

 used it in 1849 3 forfrigida. His reasons later 4 for supplanting Podisma 

 by rezotettix can not be defended. 



The type of Podisma is therefore Gryllus pedestris Linnaeus. 



This genus is more widely extended than any other of the Melanopli, 

 being the only one not confined to America. It is a distinctly boreal 

 type and encircles the globe. The species are largely confined to high 

 altitudes as well as high latitudes, a number being alpine or snbalpiue in 

 their respective localities. In this country the species are known from 

 two widely separated regions; in the west, the Rocky Mountain region 

 from Alberta to northern New Mexico; and in the east from western 

 Ontario and New York to Maine. In Europe they are largely confined 

 to the mountains of southern Europe from the Pyrenees to Mount Par- 

 nassus or to Scandinavia; in Asia their distribution is less known, 

 but species occur in eastern Siberia and in Japan. 



In the following pages I have fully described only the American 

 species, which are first treated separately; but I have thought well to 

 complete the account of the Melanopli by including the Old World 

 species as far as possible, figuring their abdominal appendages, giving 

 a separate table for their determination, and adding brief diagnoses of 

 two species which are unpublished. Their synonomy and distribution 

 are mostly compiled from Brunner's Prodromus Eur. Orthopteren. 



ANALYTICAL KEY TO THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PODISMA. 



A 1 . Tegraina wanting; upper valves of ovipositor elongate, straight, only faintly 

 falciform apically; hind border of pronotum truncate or feebly emarginate. 



6'. Hind femora almost uniformly green ; furcula of male extending over the su- 

 praaual plate by twice the length of the last dorsal segment ; cerci relatively 

 stout, in the middle distinctly more than half as broad as the base. 



I.glaciali8(p.98). 



b z . Hind femora conspicuously fasciate with fuscous; fnrcnla of male extending 

 over the supraaual plate by not more than the length of the last dorsal segment; 

 cerci very slender, in the middle distinctly less than half as broad as the base. 



2. rariegata (p. 101). 



A*. Tegmina present, abbreviate; upper valves of ovipositor distinctly falciform 

 apically. 



& 1 . Hind border of pronotum distinctly angulate; tegmina overlapping, generally 

 distinctly longer than the pronotum. 



o 1 . Tegmina distinctly overlapping, much longer than the pronotum; male cerci 

 short and broad, hardly if at all moro'fchnn twice as long as the middle breadth; 

 subgenital plate as seen from behind more or less broadly truncate. 



I 0rth. Russ., pp. 249-253. :l ir> J.ihresb. Mannh. ver. nat., p. 38. 



3 Skaml. riitv. ins. nat. hist., pp. 87-92. 4 Orth. Eur., p. 365, note. 



Proc. IS". M. vol. xx 7 



