DANAID.E. 89 



black spots on upper-side of discoidal cell, the largest spot 

 occupying extremity of cell ; on costa, beyond middle, a 

 narrow blackish mark, relieved with white on either side, 

 connected by a black line with a moderately broad, inwardly 

 much excavate, black, hind-marginal border, sometimes con- 

 taining a few white dots near anal angle, more rarely a few 

 near apex, sometimes wholly spotless ; in some specimens, 

 apparently $ s, on third median nervule, near its junction 

 with the nervure, a rounded, puckered, black sac, slightly 

 raised above the plane surface of the wing ; fringe as in fore- 

 wing. UNDER-SIDE. White markings generally like those 

 on upper-side ; apex of fore-wing (beyond oblique white 

 band), and whole of hind-wing, soft, creamy, ochre-yellow. 

 Fore-wing : red darker than on upper-side near costa, paler 

 near inner-margin ; black colouring within the oblique white 

 band as on upper-side ; a hind-marginal, narrow black band 

 from apex, containing a conspicuous outer row of white spots 

 throughout, and an inner row of smaller spots only bordering 

 the apical yellow. Hind-wing : base black, containing three 

 white spots ; nervures and black markings all relieved by a 

 white, or whitish edging ; costal spot broader than on upper- 

 side, with a conspicuous, white, black-tipped spot on each 

 side of it ; before it, on costa, a narrower, less conspicuous, 

 but similar, black and white marking ; hind-marginal band 

 marked throughout with large and conspicuous white spots, 

 arranged in pairs between nervules ; spots bordering discoidal 

 cell larger and blacker than on upper-side ; sac on third me- 

 dian nervule conspicuous when present, being centred with 

 white. Fringes of both wings as on upper-side. 



A variety of this species occurs in which the apical black 

 is obliterated, and that on margins faint and blurred. Ex- 

 cept on the fringes of the wings, and a few white spots on 

 costa, the white markings also are obsolete, the position of 

 the oblique apical row being barely indicated. On the un- 

 der-side, the same peculiarities prevail in tine fore-wing, where, 

 however, the white markings are more distinct ; the hind- 

 wing is marked as in ordinary specimens. The whole 

 colouring is paler than usual. 



LARVA. Very pale bluish-grey ; with transverse black 

 streaks. From the third to the twelfth segment (both in- 

 clusive), is a bright chrome-yellow band on the back, edged 

 with black on both sides, and generally divided into two by a 

 a short black line connecting the black edgings ; spiracular 

 line chrome-yellow ; face and legs striped bluish-grey and 

 black ; from the back of the third, sixth, and twelfth seg- 

 ments, respectively, springs a pair of black, elastic filaments, 



