48 If ADS A^■i) ilAIIAVAVS. 



luoi'e }ii'oiluctivL-, lliL' workings being continued till about a year 

 ago. At the close ol' 187i) it was found that the total ^■alue ot 

 the ove exjiovted from the various mines had reached the amount 

 of r^'4,G29,889. The work has gone on up the present time with 

 successful i-e>ults. In 1892 tlie value of the ore exjtorted ac- 

 cording to the Customs' Iveturns was .^1,006,592. It must 

 further lie considered that mining operations have hitlierto been 

 mainly confined to the shores of Notre Dame Bay. The in- 

 terior, now to be opened up by railways, is still untouched, and 

 may be expected to prove rich in minerals. 



I'KOSPKCTS OF MINING. 



Tlius science is pointing out Newfoundland as likely to lie- 

 come one of the copper-bearing regions of the world has been 

 confirmed by actual experiment. It presents a, wide develop- 

 ment of that metalifei'ous zone M'hich in other North American 

 countries has yielded abundance of valuable mineials. The area 

 of the serpentine rocks, in connection with which all the cojjper 

 ore hitherto has been found, is estimated by Mr. J. Howley, Geo- 

 logist, at 5,097 scpiare miles. There is reason to believe that this 

 serpentine formation runs across tlie island, and in the yet unex- 

 plored interior it may come to the light in many places. 



A KAIIAVAY LOOMING DIMLY. 



After being thus a mere fishing station for some 250 years, 

 without farms or roads, the fringe around the coast began to be 

 intersected with roads, and the cultivation of the soil made some 

 progress. Then followed the revelations of the Geological Sur- 

 vey, which could not lie disputed, and were confirmed in many 

 points liy the Avorking of the copper mines, by which wealth 

 began to be poured into the country ; and also by the introdiic- 

 tion of lumbering establishments along the larger rivers. Wider 

 views regarding the destinies of the country began to lie enter- 

 tained among those ■who were; at the head of afi'airs. The neces- 

 sity of ]iioviding other means of sustaining the population than 

 the fisheries liad Ijeen felt for some time. TJie population was 

 rapidly increasing, while their mainstay— the lisheries^showed 



